Chapter 8

Question 1

What causes air pollutants?

Answer 1

Smog, acid precipitation, and CFC’s

Question 2

What can water be contaminated with?

Answer 2

Sediment, industrial pollutants, and human waste

Question 3

What does all life on Earth require?

Answer 3

Clean air and water

Question 4

What are land sources threatened by?

Answer 4

Agriculture, deforestation, industry, and waste

Question 5

Acid Precipitation

Answer 5

When acidic Moisture falls from the sky as precipitation

Question 6

Photochemical Smog

Answer 6

Pollution that results from the reaction between sunlight and exhaust fumes

Question 7

Hazardous Waste

Answer 7

Wastes that are poisonous, cause cancer, or catch on fire

Question 8

Pollutant

Answer 8

Any substance that contaminates the environment

Question 9

Carrying Capacity

Answer 9

The greatest number of individuals (specific species) the environment can support

Question 10

Population

Answer 10

All individuals of one species living in a particular area

Question 11

Examples of alternative energy resources:

Answer 11

Sun, water, wind, Earth’s internal heat

Question 12

How is wind energy converted to electrical energy?

Answer 12

A propeller attached to an electric generator

Question 13

Hydroelectric Power Plants

Answer 13

Turns Gravitational potential energy into electrical energy

Question 14

Examples of Biomass

Answer 14

Wood, soy, corn, sugarcane fibers, rice hulls, animal poop

Question 15

Biomass

Answer 15

Renewable organic matter

Question 16

Geothermal Energy

Answer 16

Thermal energy contained in and around magma

Question 17

Hydroelectricity

Answer 17

An electric current made by the energy of moving water

Question 18

Photovoltaic Cell

Answer 18

Converts radiant energy directly into electrical energy

Question 19

Renewable Resource

Answer 19

An energy source that is replaced faster than it is used

Question 20

What % of nuclear power is made by power plants in the US?

Answer 20

8%

Question 21

Fission Reaction

Answer 21

Energy in fission makes steam, steam makes power for a generator

Question 22

Nuclear Waste

Answer 22

Any radioactive material that results when radioactive material is used

Question 23

Nuclear Reactor

Answer 23

Uses energy from controlled nuclear reactions to generate electricity

Question 24

Fission

Answer 24

Process of splitting an atomic nucleus into two or more nuclei

Question 25

Fusion

Answer 25

Occurs when atomic nuclei combine at very high temperatures

Question 26

Power Plant

Answer 26

Burns fossil fuels to get chemical potential energy that powers stuff

Question 27

(+ or o) Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources

Answer 27

+

Question 28

Examples of Fossil Fuels

Answer 28

Petroleum, Natural Gas, and Coal

Question 29

Law of Conservation of Energy

Answer 29

Energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be transformed

Question 30

Non-renewable Resources

Answer 30

Resources that cannot be replaced by natural processes as quickly as they are used

Question 31

Fossil Fuels

Answer 31

Remains of plants and animals crushed and buried for many years

Question 32

Petroleum

Answer 32

A flammable liquid formed from the decay of organisms