chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

movement of a bone around its own axis

A

uniaxial

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2
Q

the only freely moveable joint of the skull

A

tempromandibular

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3
Q

attaches bones together at joint

A

ligaments

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4
Q

wedge of cartilage that helps to stabilize a joint

A

meniscus

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5
Q

type of movement when tip of thumb touches the of finger on same hand

A

opposition

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6
Q

function of synovial fluid

A

lubrication

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7
Q

cartilaginous joint at front of pelvis

A

symphysis

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8
Q

attaches muscles to bones

A

tendons

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9
Q

joint which holds tooth into jaw

A

gomphoses

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10
Q

a joint between two bones

A

articulation

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11
Q

result of uric acid deposits in the joints

A

gout

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12
Q

movement in which the limb describes a cone in space

A

circumduction

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13
Q

movement in which angle between bones increases

A

extension

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14
Q

special movement of the foot where it turns medially

A

inversion

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15
Q

inflammation of a fluid filled sac

A

bursitis

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16
Q

lifting a body part upwards

A

elevation

17
Q

lowering of a body part downwards

A

depression

18
Q

movement of a limb towards the midline

A

adduction

19
Q

name two types of ball and socket joints

A

hip and shoulder

20
Q

movements in which the forearm rotates

A

Supination (palm up) and Pronation (palm down)

21
Q

attachment of muscle that moves

A

insertion

22
Q

most skull articulations are of this type

A

sutures

23
Q

name the three types of fibrous joints and how they attach

A

Sutures - bones joined by short fivers
Syndesmoses - bones joined by ligaments
Gomphoses - ‘peg in socket’

24
Q

name the two types of cartilaginous joints and how they join

A

synchondroses - joined by pad of byline cartilage

symphysis - joined by pad of fibrocartilage

25
Q

Function - what are the three types of functional classification of joints and describe mobility

A

Synarthroses - no movement
Amphiarthroses - slight movement
Diarthroses - free movement

26
Q

Structure - what are the three structural classifications of joints and describe

A

fibrous - connected with fibrous C/T
cartilaginous - pad of cartilage
synovial - inside a fluid filled cavity

27
Q

What is the main function of a synovial joint

A

allow for ease of articulation of bones inside the cavity

28
Q

name some other structures present in some synovial joints

A

Bursae and tendon sheaths - fibrous sacs filled with synovial fluid
fatty pads - between fibrous capsule and bone
menisci - fibrocartilage wedges that help stabilize

29
Q

describe rotation

A

bone turns of its own long axis (e.g. atlas and axis)

30
Q

what is bursitis

A

inflammation of the bursar, usually caused by a blow or friction. treated with ice and rest

31
Q

what is tendonitis

A

inflammation of tendon sheaths, caused by overuse. ice and rest for treatment

32
Q

what is subluxation

A

partial dislocation of a joint

33
Q

what are the similarities and differences between sprains and cartilage tears

A

similar: both by a blow/overuse, misuse, both are tears
differences: sprains are partial tears and repair themselves, cartilage tears do not as they are avascular. cartilage tears require surgery to repair

34
Q

what is syndesmoses

A

bones joined by ligament (band of C/T)

allows none to slight movement

35
Q

what is synchondroses in cartilaginous joints

A

bones joined together by a pad of hyaline cartilage

synarthrotic, no movement

36
Q

what is symphyses in cartilaginous joints

A

articular hyaline cartilage joined by pad of fibrocartilage
strong, flexible, Amphiarthrosis (limited movement)
ie. pubic symphysis

37
Q

list some features in synovial joints

A

articular cartilge
joint (synovial) cavity (contains fluid)
articular joint capsule (encloses the joint articulation)
synovial fluid - lubricates (hyaluronic acis)
ligaments - reinforce outside of capsule
rich nerve and blood vessel supply