Chapter 8

Question 1

Apse

Answer 1

A recess, usually semicircular, in the wall of a building, commonly found at the east end of a church.

Question 2

Aisles

Answer 2

The portion of a basilica flanking the nave and separated from it by a row of columns or piers

Question 3

Arcade

Answer 3

A series of arches supported by piers or columns.

Question 4

Bibliophile

Answer 4

Lover of books

Question 5

Chartreuse / Charterhouse

Answer 5

A Carthusian monastery

Question 6

Crossing

Answer 6

The space in a cruciform church formed by the intersection of the nave and the transept.

Question 7

contropposto

Answer 7

The disposition of the human figure in which one

part is turned in opposition to another part.

Question 8

donor portrait

Answer 8

—A portrait of the individual(s) who commissioned

(donated) a religious

Question 9

donor portrait

Answer 9

A portrait of the individual(s) who commissioned

(donated) a religious work (for example, an altarpiece) as evidence of devotion

Question 10

diptych

Answer 10

A two-paneled painting or altarpiece; also, an ancient Roman, Early Christian, or Byzantine hinged writing tablet, often of ivory and carved on the external side

Question 11

book of hours

Answer 11

A Christian religious book for private devotion con-

taining prayers to be read at specified times of the day

Question 12

engraving

Answer 12

—The process of incising a design in hard material, often a metal plate (usually copper); also, the print or impression made from such a plate

Question 13

fresco

Answer 13

Painting on lime plaster, either dry (dry fresco, or fresco

secco) or wet

Question 14

dome

Answer 14

A hemispherical vault; theoretically, an arch rotated on its vertical axis. In Mycenaean architecture, domes are beehive-shaped.

Question 15

façade

Answer 15

Usually, the front of a building; also, the other sides when they are emphasized architecturally

Question 16

grisaille

Answer 16

A monochrome painting done mainly in neutral grays to simulate sculpture

Question 17

genre

Answer 17

A style or category of art; also, a kind of painting that realistically depicts scenes from everyday life

Question 18

guilds

Answer 18

An association of merchants, craftspersons, or scholars in medieval and Renaissance Europe

Question 19

Humanism

Answer 19

an emphasis on education and on
expanding knowledge (especially of classical antiquity), the explo- ration of individual potential and a desire to excel, and a commit- ment to civic responsibility and moral duty.

Question 20

Illuminated manuscript

Answer 20

A luxurious handmade book with painted

illustrations and decorations

Question 21

iconography

Answer 21

he term refers both to the content, or subject, of an artwork and to the study of content in art.

Question 22

International Gothic

Answer 22

This style appealed to the aristocracy because of its brilliant color, lavish costumes, intricate ornamentation, and themes involving splendid processions of knights and ladies.

Question 23

oil painting

Answer 23

A painting technique using oil-based pigments that

rose to prominence in northern Europe in the 15th century and is now the standard medium for painting on canvas.

Question 24

nave

Answer 24

The central area of an ancient Roman basilica or of a church, demarcated from aisles by piers or columns

Question 25

loggia

Answer 25

A gallery with an open arcade or a colonnade on one or both sides

Question 26

mausoleum

Answer 26

A monumental tomb. The name derives | from the mid-fourth-century bce tomb of Mausolos at Halikarnassos, one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world.

Question 27

parchment

Answer 27

Lambskin prepared as a surface for painting or | writing

Question 28

tromp l’oeil

Answer 28

French, “fools the eye.” A form of illusionistic painting that aims to deceive viewers into believing that they are seeing real objects rather than a representation of those objects

Question 29

tempera painting

Answer 29

A technique of painting using pigment mixed with egg yolk, glue, or casein; also, the medium itself

Question 30

transcept

Answer 30

The part of a church with an axis that crosses the nave at a right angle.

Question 31

spandel

Answer 31

The roughly triangular space enclosed by the curves of adjacent arches and a horizontal member connecting their vertexes; also, the space enclosed by the curve of an arch and an enclosing right angle.

Question 32

silverpoint

Answer 32

A stylus made of silver, used in drawing in the 14th and 15th centuries because of the fine line it produced and the sharp point it maintained.

Question 33

naturalism

Answer 33

The style of painted or sculpted representation based on close observation of the natural world that was at the core of the classical tradition

Question 34

realism

Answer 34

A movement that emerged in mid-19th-century France. Realist artists represented the subject matter of everyday life in a relatively naturalistic mode.

Question 35

retable

Answer 35

An architectural screen or wall above and behind an altar, usually containing painting, sculpture, or other decorations.

Question 36

triptych

Answer 36

A three-paneled painting, ivory plaque, or altarpiece. Also, a small, portable shrine with hinged wings used for private devotion

Question 37

vellum

Answer 37

Calfskin prepared as a surface for writing or painting

Question 38

woodcut

Answer 38

A wood block on the surface of which those parts not intended to print are cut away to a slight depth, leaving the design raised; also, the printed impression made with such a block.

Question 39

portico

Answer 39

A roofed colonnade; also an entrance porc

Question 40

polyptych

Answer 40

An altarpiece composed of more than three sections

Question 41

quatrefoil

Answer 41

A shape or plan in which the parts assume the form of a cloverleaf

Question 42

Well of Moses

Answer 42

``` Claus Sluter early 1400s Capital of Dijon, France Limestone symbol of fountain of life Duke of Burgundy ```

Question 43

Trés Riches Heures du Duc de Berry

Answer 43

``` Limbourg Brothers 15th century Chantilly, France pigment book of prayers Duke of Berry ```

Question 44

Master of Flémalle, Merode Altarpiece

Answer 44

``` Master of Flémalle (workshop of Robert Campin?) 15th century Netherlands oil paint private and domestic use for domestic use ```

Question 45

Ghent Altarpiece

Answer 45

``` Hubert and Jan van Eyck 15th century Ghent, Belgium oil paint private and domestic use Jodocus Vijd ```

Question 46

Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife

Answer 46

``` Jan van Eyck 15th century Italy oil paint spotless mirror=Mary's purity / dog=loyalty portrait for Giovanni ```

Question 47

Deposition

Answer 47

``` Rogier van der Weyden 15th century Madrid oil paint emotional impact of mourners ```

Question 48

Sacrifice of Isaac and Gates of Paradise

Answer 48

``` Lorenzo Ghiberti, 15th century Florence Bronze competition Arte di Calimala ```

Question 49

David

Answer 49

``` Donatello 15th century Florence Bronze Medici ```

Question 50

Trinity

Answer 50

``` Masaccio 15th century Florence Fresco altarpiece ```

Question 51

Annunciation

Answer 51

``` Fra Angelico 15th century Italy Fresco devotion ```

Question 52

Birth of Venus

Answer 52

Botticelli 15th century Florence Fresco

Question 53

Ospedale degli Innocenti

Answer 53

Brunelleschi | building with arches

Question 54

Church of Sant’ Andrea

Answer 54

Alberti