Chapter 8 Flashcards
(14 cards)
What r constitutes a strong, moderate or weak correlation
.10 weak
.30 moderate
.50 strong
how is bivariate data between a categorical and quantitative variables displayed?
Bar graph with the mean scores, the associations depends on the difference in size.
Can a small effect size be significant?
Yes especially in life death situations (aspirin/heart attack study.
What is statistical significance?
The conclusion a researcher reaches regarding the likelihood of getting a correlation of that size just by chance, assuming there’s no correlation in the real world.
How do we check if a result is statistically significant?
If the probability associated with the result is very small (less than 5%) we know the result is very unlikely to have come from a zero association population.
What effect does sample size have on statistical significance?
A very small effect size will be statistically significant if it is identified in a very large sample. (>1000)
Name something that can have a strong effect on the effect size, especially if it is a small sample size
an outlier
What is meant by a restriction of range?
If there is not a full range of scores on one of the variables in the association it can make the correlation appear smaller than it really is.
What technique can be used to avoid restriction of range?
correction for restriction of range
If there is a r of 0, can there be a correlation between two variables?
Yes, there may be a curvilinear relationship
What is meant by the directionality programme?
The temporal precedence criterion.
What is known as the third variable problem?
The internal variability
What is meant by a spurious association?
When the bivariate correlation is there but only because of some variable
What is a moderator?
A variable in which the results of two other variables depend on. (high mobility sports fans example.)
