Chapter 8+9 Photosyn. And Cell Resp.

Question 1

Autotroph

Answer 1

Organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds

Question 2

Heterotroph

Answer 2

Organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes

Question 3

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 3

One of the principal chemical compounds that living things use to store and release energy

Question 4

Photosynthesis

Answer 4

Process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches

Question 5

Pigment

Answer 5

Light absorbing molecule

Question 6

Chlorophyll

Answer 6

Principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms

Question 7

Thylakoid

Answer 7

Saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts

Question 8

Photosystem

Answer 8

Light collecting units of the chloroplast

Question 9

Stroma

Answer 9

Region outside the thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts

Question 10

NADP+

Answer 10

One of the Carrier molecules that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules

Question 11

Light dependent reactions

Answer 11

Reactions of photosynthesis they use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH

Question 12

ATP synthase

Answer 12

Large protein that uses energy from hydrogen ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group together to produce ATP

Question 13

Calvin cycle

Answer 13

Reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars

Question 14

Glycolysis

Answer 14

First step in releasing energy of glucose in which a molecule glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid

Question 15

Cellular respiration

Answer 15

Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen

Question 16

NAD

Answer 16

Electron carrier involved in glycolysis

Question 17

Fermentation

Answer 17

Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen

Question 18

Anaerobic

Answer 18

Process that does not require oxygen

Question 19

Aerobic

Answer 19

Process that requires energy

Question 20

Krebs cycle

Answer 20

Second stage of cellular respiration in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy extracting reactions

Question 21

Electron transport chain

Answer 21

A series of proteins in which the high-energy electrons from the Krebs cycle are used to convert ADP into ATP