Chapter 8

Question 1

A philosophy where the primary emphasis is on the whole child

Answer 1

Existentialism

Question 2

A philosophy where students are challenged to discover knowledge about their environments

Answer 2

Constructivism

Question 3

A person with a mix of progressivism and social reconstructionsim philosophies

Answer 3

Brenda Beyal

Question 4

The belief that ideas are the only reliable form of reality

Answer 4

Idealism

Question 5

The person who serves as a resource and guide to students who engage, explore, gather evidence, draw conclusions, and express themselves

Answer 5

Facilitator of Learning

Question 6

Another term for naturalism

Answer 6

Romanticism

Question 7

A philosophy where student-centered perspectives that are integrated with firsthand experiences are most effective

Answer 7

Pragmatism

Question 8

The type of philosophy where the teacher is prominent in the classroom

Answer 8

Teacher-centered

Question 9

Examples of this type of philosophy are essentailism and perennialism

Answer 9

Teacher-centered philososphies

Question 10

The philosophy includes curriculums with themes and questions that endure and are everlasting

Answer 10

Perennialism

Question 11

This term translates to “love of wisdom”

Answer 11

Philosophy

Question 12

This term means “everlasting”

Answer 12

Perennial

Question 13

This philosophy endorses active engagement, student discovery, and problem solving

Answer 13

Progressivism

Question 14

The general philsosphy of giving students choices, making them active in learning

Answer 14

Student-centered

Question 15

Examples of this type of philsosphy include progressivism, social reconstructionism, and existentialism

Answer 15

Student-centered philsosphies

Question 16

In this philosophy, the teacher picks and chooses from among the components of several philosophies

Answer 16

Eclectic approach

Question 17

This is the idea in which those who are in power control those who do not have power

Answer 17

Postmodernism

Question 18

This philosophy looks to education to change society rather than just teach about it

Answer 18

Social reconstructionism

Question 19

This person was a major proponent of progressivism

Answer 19

John Dewey

Question 20

This is the idea that curriculum can shift in response to societal changes but should always be basic, organized, and rigorous

Answer 20

Essentailism

Question 21

Define philosophy

Answer 21

• A love of wisdom
• A means of answering fundamental questions
• A vibrant way of discovering and expressing ways of being and acting

Question 22

Describe a teacher’s philsosphy

Answer 22

• The teacher’s love of wisdom regarding teaching
• An expression of attitudes and actions every day in the classroom
• A fluid statement that changes and grows with experience

Question 23

List teacher-centered approaches to teaching

Answer 23

• Essentailism

- Perennialism

Question 24

List student-centered approaches to teaching

Answer 24

• Progressivsim
• Social reconstructionism
• Existentialism

Question 25

Describe Maria Montessori's beliefs about early childhood education

Answer 25

Children are capable of integrating aspects of the world around them through the use of their senses

Question 26

In which philosophy are rules paramount and taken very seriously, the curriculum focuses on traditional and core classes, and the teachers focus heavily on standards and testing?

Answer 26

Essentialism

Question 27

The writings of Homer, Shakespeare, Melville, and Einstein are essential components of curriculum in which philosophy of education?

Answer 27

Perennialism

Question 28

Give examples of progressivists' beliefs

Answer 28

- Teachers are facilitators and coaches - Student's are unique, active, and self-motivated - The learning environment should be safe for risk-taking and it should be stimulating

Question 29

List the basic principles of social reconstructionism

Answer 29

- Teachers should instill a sense of reponsibility for humanity - Students should be involved in social issues - Curriculum should emphasize equity

Question 30

In what aspect do essentialism and perennialism differ most?

Answer 30

Curriculum

Question 31

In which philosophy do teachers consider themselves primarily facilitators and coaches?

Answer 31

Progressivism

Question 32

Which philosophy promotes individual learning and the education of the whole child? It includes the beliefs that knowedge leads to self-discovery and that instruction should include alternatives and choices and should require decision making.

Answer 32

Exitentialism

Question 33

This philosophy is based on the belief that ideas are the only reliable form of reality

Answer 33

Idealism

Question 34

Which philosophy contends that the needs of the individual are more important than the needs of society?

Answer 34

Romanticism

Question 35

Who was the most prominent of the proponents of progressivism?

Answer 35

John Dewey

Question 36

Which philosophy seeks to change society rather than just teach about it?

Answer 36

Social reconstructionism

Question 37

Picking and choosing among the components of several philosophies to create an individual philosophy is referred to as...

Answer 37

An eclectic approach

Question 38

Which philosophy contends that curriculum is set and unchanging?

Answer 38

Perennialism

Question 39

What enters into every decision a teachers makes?

Answer 39

Philosophy

Question 40

A teacher who primarily facilitates, coaches, and encourages likely has which anchor philosophy?

Answer 40

Progressivism

Question 41

Which philosophy is least likely to initiate service-learning?

Answer 41

Essentailism

Question 42

Which philosophy is least likley to give students choices?

Answer 42

Perennialism

Question 43

The philosophy that grew out of a sense that those in power control those who do not have power is...

Answer 43

Postmodernism

Question 44

Which philosophy emphasizes most strongly that choices are necessary for effective education?

Answer 44

Existentialism

Question 45

Which philosophy says that education is more than preparation for life, it is life itself?

Answer 45

Progressivism