Chapter 8: Cancer Flashcards
(36 cards)
What is the purpose, aim and goal of team Shan?
to educate the public, health care professionals and young women about early detection, risk reduction and prevention of breast cancer
In terms of health promotion, what was the target audience of team Shan?
young women because they are at risk more; to help them change their behaviours and understand how to better care for themselves
what are the Ontario public health standards foundational principles?
- need for young women
- impact on young women
- capacity to do the work
- partnership and collaboration
if the incidence of a cancer is very low in the general population or in a demographic group they are often ____ or ____” - Canadian cancer society
misdiagnosed or ignored
health professionals tend to assume the most ____ illness rather than the most ______ illness
common, devastating
almost __ / __ young adult cancers occur in young women and of these breast cancer is the ___ common
2/3, most common
there is scant data to support either an ____ causation or ____ causation of cancer in young adult women
environmental or genetic causation
what are the 5 most common cancer symptoms?
- pain
- significant weight loss
- change in a mole
- lump bump or swelling
- extreme tiredness
- about ____ AYAs are diagnosed with cancer in Canada each year
- about __ young women diagnosed with breast cancer in Ontario per year
- __ of __ women in Canada will have breast cancer
- about 8,600 AYAs are diagnosed with cancer in Canada each year
- about 400 young women diagnosed with breast cancer in Ontario per year
- 1 of 8 women in Canada will have breast cancer
what is the slogan of team Shan?
breast cancer … not just a disease of older women
what are some prevention methods for breast cancer?
- pap tests
- HPV vaccine
- reading team Shan websites
- risk reduction
- early detection
what are the 5 common signs of cancer
___/____ techniques were the most effective in awareness
media or marketing, public transit posters
about __% of Canadians will develop some type of cancer and cancer will be responsible for __ in __ deaths
about 50% of Canadians will develop some type of cancer and cancer will be responsible for 1 in 4 deaths
what is the difference between malignant vs benign tumours?
benign = non cancerous and can be dangerous only if their physical presence interferes with body functions –> cannot spread to other parts of the body
malignant tumour = cancerous and calls divide without control to provide an abnormal mass of cells –> can spread and invade other parts of the body
what is metastasis?
Metastasis is the spreading of cancer cells from one part of the body to another and occurs because cancer cells do not stick to each other as strongly as normal cells do and therefore may not remain at the site of the primary tumour
once cancer cells enter the ____ system or the ____ it is difficult to stop their spread to other organs in the body
lymphatic system, bloodstream
explain the stages of cancer
stage 0 = a precancerous change occurs
stage 1 = tumour is small and has not grown outside the organ it started in
stage 2 and 3 = tumour is larger and has grown outside the organ it started it towards a nearby tissue
stage 4 = the cancer has spread through the blood or lymphatic system to a distant site in the body (metastasis)
Mark has been noticing some cancerous symptoms such as a lump on the neck. He goes to the doctors and they find a tumour. However, the tumour is small and has not grown outside of the neck area. What stage of cancer could mark have?
stage 1
explain the types of cancer: 1. carcinomas 2. sarcomas 3. lymphomas 4, leukemias
- from epithelial tissues that cover external body surfaces or internal tubes–> most common type on the skin, breast, uterus, prostate, lungs and gastrointestinal tract
- from connective and fibrous tissues like muscle, bone, cartilage and membranes
- in lymph nodes which are the infectious fighting system
- cancers of blood forming cells normally in bone marrow
Peter has been diagnosed with a type of cancer. If the cancer is lining the gastrointestinal tract what type does he likely have?
carcinoma
what are the top 3 most common cancers for men respectively? For women?
men = prostate, colorectal, lung and bronchus women = breast, lung and bronchus, colorectal
lung cancer:
- accounts for __% of all new cancer diagnoses and is the most common cause of cancer death
- what are the risk factors?
- what are the symptoms?
- what are the treatments?
- what is the 5 year survival rate?
- accounts for 14% of all new cancer diagnoses and is the most common cause of cancer death
- tobacco, second hand smoke, genetic history
- symptoms do not occur until the disease had advanced to the invasive stage; persistent cough, chest pain, recurring bronchitis
- CT scans, chest X rays, surgery if caught early, radiation and chemo
- 17%
tobacco smoke currently accounts for __% of all cancer deaths and more than __% of lung cancer deaths
30%, 85%
