Chapter 8 Cellular Reproduction Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 8 Cellular Reproduction Deck (28)
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1
Q

A Bacteria Cell divides by a process called _____?

A

Binary Fission

2
Q

Which chromosome pairs are the same length and have the same genes, but are not identical?

A

Homologous chromosomes

3
Q

What do centromeres bind together?

A

Sister Chromatids

4
Q

Which type of cell division is strictly for sexual reproduction?

A

Meiosis

5
Q

How many representatives of each homologous chromosome does a haploid have?

A

1

6
Q

How many cells are produced from meiosis?

A

4

7
Q

When do homologous chromosomes connect with each other and start crossover?

A

Prophase I

8
Q

Independent orientation of chromosomes

A

The idea that one set of chromosomes will line up independent from all other sets of chromosomes

9
Q

A mistake in meiosis where one chromosome doesn’t separate properly is called what?

A

Nondisjunction

10
Q

S Phase

A

The phase of a cell cycle DNA synthesis occurs

11
Q

Cytokinesis

A

When a cell divides in two

12
Q

Checkpoints

A

Places in the cell cycle where the process can be delayed until certain conditions are met (or indefinitely)

13
Q

The Centrosome contains _______to make the spindle for cell division.

A

Microtubules

14
Q

Allele

A

Alternative forms of a gene containing the specific instructions to produce a phenotype

15
Q

Fertilization

A

when sperm and egg meet

16
Q

Autosomes

A

non-sex chromosomes are called

17
Q

Which type of reproduction involves gametes?

A

Sexual

18
Q

Name the three sub-phases of interphase

A

G1, S, G2

19
Q

In normal cells, there will be division until a single layer is produced. This is called ______ dependence.

A

Density

20
Q

Why is a cell plate necessary for cytokineses in plants and not animals?

A

It has a cell wall

21
Q

A particular place on a chromosome which has instructions for a protein is called a ______?

A

Locus

22
Q

During what phase of meiosis do sister chromatids line up together?

A

metaphase II

23
Q

In what phase do the sister chromatids pull apart?

A

Anaphase

24
Q

The “x” shaped sites of crossover are called ______?

A

Chiasmata

25
Q

If you line up a person’s chromosomes, you are doing a _____?

A

Karyotype

26
Q

In what phase does a cell spend most of its time?

A

Interphase

27
Q

Chromatin

A

Chromosomes which are loosely spread apart and are therefore not clearly visible

28
Q

Anchorage Dependence

A

Cells will only divide when they are attached to a surface