chapter 8 Discrimination

Question 1

definition of discrimination?

Answer 1

positive or negative BEHAVIOUR that is directed towards a social group and its members.

Question 2

what are two forms of discrimination?

Answer 2

Direct Discrimination
occurs when someone is treated unfairly and is disadvantages because of a personal characteristic. (overlooked for a job)
Indirect Discrimination
occurs when treating everybody the same way disadvantages someone because of a personal characteristics. (no headwear allowed)

Question 3

popular prejudice and discrimination?

Answer 3

usually directed towards
age-agism
race-racism
females and males -sexism

Question 4

Factors Contributing to

the development of Prejudice

Answer 4

Learning Processes
Stereotyping
‘Ingroups’ and ‘outgroups’
Intergroup Conflict
competing against one another to take control or achieve something.
Attributions
explaining observed behaviour in terms of a particular cause

Question 5

Factors that may reduce Prejudice

Answer 5

Intergroup Contact-Prejudice reduced through increasing intergroup contact.

Sustained Contact
continuous contact with them the likelihood of me reducing my prejudice
Mutual Interdependence
mutually independent to one another enables breakdown of stereotypes
Superordinate goals
goal which cannot be achieved by one group alone; cancel out existing goals
equality of status
status = importance of a group in comparison to another group
Cognitive Interventions
If people are aware of prejudice and the harmful affects they have the knowledge to do something about it and reduce it.This can be revolved around cognitive intervention which is changing the ways that someone thinks about prejudice and example of this is a prejudiced person thinking of what it would be like to be the victim or to have the negative stereotype.And if people are encouraged to think of individual characteristics and focus less on the stereotype they believe they fit under the prejudice will reduce

Question 6

what are measurement of attitudes?

Answer 6

Observational Studies
observing people’s behaviours whilst obtaining information about underlying attitude associated with the behaviour
Self-Report Methods
asking people to tell the researcher about their attitude

Question 7

what are ethical considerations?

Answer 7

Confidentiality
Voluntary Participation
Withdrawal Rights
Informed Consent Procedures
Deception
Debriefing
Respecting Rights
Obtaining informed consent
Confidentiality