Chapter 8: Diversity Of Life Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 8: Diversity Of Life Deck (13)
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Q

What is metabolism?

A

The combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials.

1
Q

What are the characteristics of all living things?

A

All living things have cellular organization, contain similar chemicals, use energy, respond to their surroundings, grow and develop, and reproduce.

2
Q

What is stimuli?

A

A change in an organism’s surroundings that causes the organism to react.

3
Q

What is development?

A

The process of change that occurs during an organism’s life producing a more complex organism.

4
Q

What is asexual reproduction?

A

When an organism produces offspring that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent.

5
Q

What is sexual reproduction?

A

The producing of new organisms involving two parents and combines their genetic material to produce a new organism.

6
Q

How do living things arise?

A

Living things arise from other living things through reproduction.

7
Q

What is spontaneous generation?

A

The mistaken idea that living things can arise from nonliving sources.

8
Q

Who discovered that maggots do not arise from decaying meat?

A

An Italian doctor named Francesco Redi. He did so in the 1600s.

9
Q

Who designed another experiment to test spontaneous generation?

A

Louis Pasteur, a French chemist. He did so in the mid-1800s.

10
Q

What do living things need to survive?

A

All living things must satisfy their basic needs for food, water, living space, and stable internal conditions.

11
Q

What are autotrophs?

A

Organisms that make their own food.

12
Q

What are heterotrophs?

A

Organisms that cannot make their own food.