Chapter 8: Experimental Study Designs Flashcards Preview

Epidemiology > Chapter 8: Experimental Study Designs > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 8: Experimental Study Designs Deck (10)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Blinding (also, masking)

A

An aspect of study design wherein the subject is not aware of his/her group assignment of placebo or treatment; seeks to alleviate bias in study results.

2
Q

Clinical trial

A

A carefully designed and executed investigation of the effects of a treatment or technology that uses randomization, blinding of subjects to study conditions, and manipulation of the study factor.

3
Q

Community intervention (or community trial)

A

An intervention designed for the purpose of educational and behavioral changes at the population level.

4
Q

Crossover design (also treatment crossover)

A

Any change of treatment for a patient in a clinical trial that involves a switch of study treatments.

5
Q

Double-blind design

A

Feature of a clinical trial in which neither the subject nor the experimenter is aware of the subject’s group assignment in relation to control or treatment status.

6
Q

Intervention study

A

A type of research design that tests the efficacy of a preventive or therapeutic measure. Intervention studies include controlled clinical trials and community interventions.

7
Q

Manipulation of the study factor

A

Issues that an investigator can determine such as timing of exposure, intensity, and duration.

8
Q

Prophylactic trial

A

A type of clinical trial designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a treatment or substance used to prevent disease. Examples are clinical trials to test vaccines and vitamin supplements.

9
Q

Randomization

A

A process whereby chance determines the subjects’ likelihood of assignment to either an intervention group or a control group. Each subject has an equal probability of being assigned to either group.

10
Q

Therapeutic trial

A

A type of study designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a treatment in bringing about an improvement in the patient’s health. An example is a trial that evaluates new curative drugs or a new surgical procedure.