Chapter 8 - Glands of Digestion Flashcards

(51 cards)

1
Q

IC: Name the surface epithelium of the gallbaldder?

A

Simple Columnar

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2
Q

IC: Which major luminal wall layer is significantly absent?

A

Submucosa

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3
Q

IC: Does the ME of the gallbladder have normal pattern?

A

No

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4
Q

IC: Which gallbladder cells concentrate bile?

A

Clear cells/cholangiocytes

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5
Q

IC: Which DNES product will stimulate the ME of the GB to contract?

A

CCK

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6
Q

IC: Which type of bile works best within the SI?

A

Cystic bile

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7
Q

IC: Which major portion of the pancreas is the largest?

A

Exocrine

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8
Q

IC: Which pancreatic cells help to buffer chyme?

A

Centroacinar & cuboid cells in the pancreatic intercalated ducts

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9
Q

How does bile flow through a liver lobule? (Def a TQ)

A

Bile moves from the hepatocytes towards the bile duct branch in the portal triad

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10
Q

What are hepatic sinusoids?

A

Dilated, fenestrated thin walled vessels found between rows of hepatocytes

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11
Q

What do hepatic sinusoids carry?

A

Mixture of venous (75%) and arterial blood (25%)

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12
Q

What is the structure of the central vein?

A

Fenestrated thin walled vessel

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13
Q

What is the location of the central vein?

A

Middle of the classic lobule

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14
Q

What are the functions of the gall bladder?

A
  1. Store bile

2. Concentrate bile

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15
Q

What is the primary bile from the liver?

A

Hepatic bile

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16
Q

What is the difference between cystic bile and hepatic bile?

A

Cystic is more concentrated (from gallbladder)

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17
Q

What controls bile release?

A

CCK & vagal stimulation

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18
Q

What is the surface epithelium of the mucosa of the gallbladder?

A

Simple columnar

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19
Q

What cells are present in the mucosa of the gallbladder?

A
  1. Clear cells (cholangiocytes) - have many microvilli

2. Brush cells

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20
Q

What is the function of the cholangiocytes?

A

Concentrate bile by absorbing water

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21
Q

What is the LP of the gallbladder like?

A

loose and highly vascular ct

22
Q

What is the function of the LP of the gallbladder?

A

Lubricate the narrow neck lumen (neck will often possess small mucus glands)

23
Q

What is the submucosa of the gallbladder like? (Def a TQ)

A

absent (very unusual)

24
Q

What is the ME of the gallbladder like?

A

Not a normal pattern!

Thin smooth muscle layer with disorganized muscle arrangement

25
Is serosa or adventitia more predominant in the gallbladder?
Mostly serosa Some adventitia where it attaches to liver
26
What is the largest portion of the pancreas?
Exocrine
27
Where are the Pancreatic Islets?
Endocrine pancreas - Islets of Langerhans producing hormones
28
What hormones control Serous Acini?
Secretion controlled by CCK & ACH from parasympathetic neurons
29
What hormones control Pancreatic Ducts?
Bicarbonate secretion is controlled by secretin & ACH
30
What makes up the exocrine pancreas? (TQ)
Serous acini - produces digestive enzymes
31
What are the 3 major characteristics of the pancreatic ducts?
1. Centroacnar cells (next to acinar cells) 2. Cuboid & Centroacnar cells in intercalated pancreatic ducts - produce alkaline fluid 3. Collagen-rich ct wraps pancreatic ducts
32
What is the function of the alkaline fluid released by the intercalated pancreatic ducts?
Released into the duodenum to buffer stomach chyme
33
What is the function of the collagen-rich CT wrapping the pancreatic ducts?
Provide extra protection from the possible leaking of digestive enzymes
34
What is the largest gland in the body with both endocrine and exocrine function?
Liver
35
What are the 5 major cells of interest of the liver?
``` Hepatocytes Kupffer Cells Ito Cells Pit cells Hepatic Progenitor Cells ```
36
What kind of cell are hepatocytes?
Cuboidal cells with microvilli and lateral bile canaliculi between adjacent hepatocytes
37
What are some hepatocyte functions?
``` Metabolism Detoxify blood Produce blood proteins Produce hepatic (primary) bile Store vitamins ```
38
What is the fxn of the bile canaliculi?
collect bile
39
Describe the movement of bile in the liver.
From hepatocytes towards the bile duct branch in the portal triad
40
What is another name for Kupffer Cells? What type of cell are they?
Stellate macrophages Resident macrophages developing from monocytes
41
What is the function of Kupffer Cells?
Phagocytosis of debris and aged RBCs Acts as an APC
42
What's another name for Ito Cells?
Hepatic Stellate Cells
43
What is the function of Ito cells?
Store lipids for immediate use Store Vit A Produce collagen I, III, IV, and growth factors
44
Which liver cells are likely responsible for regenerative capabilities?
Hepatic Progenitor Cells
45
What is included in the portal triad?
Hepatic Artery Portal Vein Bile Duct (lymph vessels)
46
What are hepatic sinusoids?
Dilated fenestrated thin walls Found between rows of hepatocytes Carry a mixture of venous (75%) and arterial (25%) blood
47
What is the function of the central vein?
Fenestrated thin walls that collect blood from the hepatic sinusoids
48
Describe the blood flow in the Liver.
Blood flows from the portal triad to the central vein
49
What is another name for the Space of Disse?
Perisinusoidal
50
What is the space of disse?
Space between the hepatocytes & fenestrated hepatic sinusoids where blood can contact microvilli surfaces of hepatocytes **This is why the liver can take over functioning for the spleen within 48 hours**
51
What covers Glisson's Capsule?
Dense irregular ct covered with serosa