chapter 8 info Flashcards
the vascular system includes what structures?
arteries
capillaries
veins
venules
what are the arteries function?
carry blood away from the heart
what are the 3 layers of arteries?
tunica externa with connective tissue for flexibility
tunica media with smooth muscle for constriction/dilation
tunica intima with endothelial cells
what are the capillaries function?
vessels that exchange water, gases, and waste
what are the veins function?
carry blood to the heart
what type of blood is typically inside of veins
blood with low oxygen, deoxygenated blood
what are the 2 circulations of the heart?
pulmonary circulation provided by right side of the heart
systemic circulation provided by left side of the heart
what are the 3 layers of the hearts pericardium
endocardium that lines valves/chambers
myocardium, muscular layer
epicardium, outermost layer
what are the 4 valves in the heart?
bicuspid
tricuspid
pulmonary valve
aortic valve
what is the SA nodes function, where is it located?
the ‘pacemaker’ of the heart
in the right ventricle
what is the AV nodes function, where is it located?
causes contraction of the heart
at the base of the right atrium
what is the bundle of His’ function, where is it located?
electrical impulses, on the right and left ventricles branches
what is the Perkinje fibers function, where are they located?
in the ventricle walls, causes 2nd contraction
what happens during the P wave?
depolarization ‘contraction’ of the atria
what happens during the QRS wave?
depolarization ‘ contraction’ of the ventricles
what happens during the T wave?
repolarization ‘recover’ of the ventricles
what is blood pressure?
the force exerted by blood against the walls of the heart during a heartbeat
systole=?
diastole=?
contraction
relaxation
