chapter 8 mineral question key

Question 1

2a sedentary lifestyle with little exercise, using tobacco, and consuming excess alc are risk factor for this

Answer 1

osteoporosis

Question 2

stomach acid, table salt, and salt substitutes contain this mineral

Answer 2

chloride

Question 3

what is pica

Answer 3

craving for and consuming nonfood items like ice, clay dirt, cornstarch and paper

Question 4

deficiency symptoms include anemia, intolerance to cold temps, and pica

Answer 4

iron

Question 5

deficiency symptoms include pica, poor appetite, poor wound healing, and slowed sexual development

Answer 5

zinc

Question 6

people on certain types of diuretics may habe to increase these two minerals in their diet to avoid a deficiency

Answer 6

potassium and magnesium

Question 7

used to make a hormone that regulates your basal metabolic rate

Answer 7

iodine

Question 8

deficiency of this mineral includes osteopenia, osteoporosis, stunted growth, and tetany

Answer 8

calcium

Question 9

which type of iron is best absorbed

Answer 9

heme iron

Question 10

iodine deficiency occurring during pregnancy causes

Answer 10

cretinism in infants

Question 11

the #1 cause of fatal accidental poisoning among US children

Answer 11

iron

Question 12

milk and milk products are excellent sources of these minerals

Answer 12

calcium and phosphorus

Question 13

at least 80% of this mineral comes into our bodies from processed and fast foods

Answer 13

sodium

Question 14

toxicity of this mineral will cause white or brown discoloration of teeth in young children

Answer 14

fluoride

Question 15

deficiency can mimic diabetes mellitus

Answer 15

chromium

Question 16

the body structures most responsible for excreting excess minerals from the body

Answer 16

kidneys

Question 17

aging, low blood levels of sex hormones, genetics, poor intake of vitamin D and calcium are considered risk factors for

Answer 17

osteoporosis

Question 18

good sources are milk, dairy products, and caramel/brown colored soft drinks

Answer 18

phosphorus

Question 19

MFP factor and vitamin C promote this mineral’s absorption

Answer 19

iron

Question 20

may appear in minutes with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, intestinal bleeding, shock, coma, maybe death

Answer 20

iron supplements

Question 21

iodine deficiency occurring any time after birth causes

Answer 21

simple goiter

Question 22

frequently used to create bridges in proteins to hold the proteins in their 3-dimensional shapes

Answer 22

sulfur

Question 23

in hemoglobin to help with oxygen transport and myoglobin to assist in oxygen storage

Answer 23

iron

Question 24

added to some water sources and toothpastes to aid in the strengthening of teeth and bones

Answer 24

fluoride

Question 25

polyphenols in tea and coffee, phytates in grains, oxalates, and tannins in tea reduce this mineral's absorption

Answer 25

iron

Question 26

important as a buffer and is a part of ATP, DNA,RNA, and cellular membranes

Answer 26

phosphorus

Question 27

critical in regulating and maintaining your heartbeat

Answer 27

potassium

Question 28

added to some salts as a way for our population to consume sufficient amounts

Answer 28

iodine

Question 29

seafood is an excellent source of

Answer 29

magnesium, iodine, iron, zinc, selenium, copper, and fluoride

Question 30

helps insulin attach to cells and assists in energy release from glucose

Answer 30

chromium

Question 31

two major minerals are often found in very small amts in many fresh foods and often found in much greater amounts in the same foods after processing

Answer 31

sodium and chloride

Question 32

this mineral supports a healthy immune system, acts as a cofactor in hemoglobin, is needed for collagen synthesis, and assists with iron absorption and energy release

Answer 32

copper

Question 33

the liver combines ___ with toxic compounds to form harmless compounds

Answer 33

sulfur

Question 34

one of the best ways to decrease this mineral is by reducing or limiting processed foods and replacing them with fresh fruits and veggies

Answer 34

sodium

Question 35

sources include whole grains, seafood, chocolate, and this mineral is easily lost during processing

Answer 35

magnesium

Question 36

strengthens bones and teeth and is important in muscle contraction and blood clotting

Answer 36

calcium

Question 37

toxicity is associated with increased calcium excretion, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and cerebral hemorrhage

Answer 37

sodium

Question 38

deficiency of this mineral interferes with the brain's detection of thirst

Answer 38

potassium

Question 39

a mineral that often works as an antioxidant

Answer 39

selenium

Question 40

practicing moderation is often encouraged with this mineral to help prevent high blood pressure

Answer 40

sodium