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Fine Arts Survey > Chapter 8 Romanesque/Gothic > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Romanesque/Gothic Flashcards

1
Q

Was sculpture in churches always religious during the Gothic Period?

A

No

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2
Q

Give one example of contemporary gothic sculpture.

A

The Toothache

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3
Q

Where is the earliest form of Gothic sculpture

A

On the facades of Chartres Cathedral

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4
Q

When did the art stained glass making begin?

A

Romanesque Period

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5
Q

Describe the process of making a stained glass window.

A
  1. Artist would draw a full-scale line drawing on a board (called a cartoon).
  2. Sheets of colored glass were placed over the cartoon and cut to size.
  3. Paint would be applied to create shading and line detail.
  4. Individual pieces were fired in a kiln to harden the pigment.
  5. Pieces placed together like a large jigsaw puzzle.
  6. Soldered into place with I shaped lead strips.
  7. Stone tracery or iron bars were used to hold the window flat.
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6
Q

Who Painted a series of paintings in the Arena Chapel in Padua, that illustrate the lives of Christ and the Virgin?

A

Giotto (1267-1337)

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7
Q

Who painted the alter piece for the cathedral of Sienna the Maseta?

A

Duccio (1278-1319)

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8
Q

What does Maseta mean?

A

Madonna in Majesty

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9
Q

What two colors where dominant in stained class making during the Gothic?

A

Blue and Red

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10
Q

What change in the religious ceremonies of the church effected painting during the Gothic Period?

A

The priest faced the alter rather than the congregation.

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11
Q

What type of painting was used during the gothic period.

A

Tempera

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12
Q

Is the statue The Virgin and Child a free standing or relief sculpture.

A

Free standing

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13
Q

The Group of Three Saints is carved from what material?

A

Wood

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14
Q

Who began the Gothic movement of architecture?

A

Abbot Suger

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15
Q

What feature did the addition of the flying buttress allow in the churches?

A

Allowed for more light and strength by the thrust being transferred to the outside towers,

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16
Q

what is the height to width ratio of a rounded arch?

A

2:1

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17
Q

whats is the height to width ratio of a pointed arch?

A

3:1

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18
Q

define clerestory

A

upper section of the wall; used for ventilation and lighting

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19
Q

what was one change abbot suger made to his church?

A
  1. Designed huge stained glass windows that let in great amounts of light.
    a. Main concern was light.
  2. Enlarged the apse – provided an ambulatory for pilgrims.
  3. Developed structure of supports and columns rather than walls.
  4. No longer a need for roman-type post-and-lintel construction.
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20
Q

Why did Abbot Suger redesign his church?

A

to accommodate pilgrims who visited his chapel.

21
Q

What is one characteristic of Gothic Architecture

A
  1. overall feel of verticality
  2. Ribbin Crossed Vaults
  3. Pointed Arched instead of rounded arches.
  4. addition of flying buttreses
  5. Contained 3-5 portals
22
Q

Where is the Cathedral of Reims located?

A

France

23
Q

Why does the choir take up half of the church?

A

Many french kings were crowned here.

24
Q

What is the most well known of Gothic Cathedrals?

A

Cathedral of Notre Dame

25
Q

What is different about the Salisbury Cathedral in England than most French Cathedrals?

A

low and wide rather than tall and thin. builders didn’t like the soaring effect.

26
Q

What do French and Italian Gothic churches have in common?

A
  1. Time in history they were built

2. .The desire to construct beautiful sanctuaries for worship

27
Q

Fan vaulting eventually became known as what type of Gothic style?

A

flamboyant Gothic

28
Q

What is a Rose Window

A

a circular window with stone tracery radiating from the center.

29
Q

Where would the rose window typically be placed in a Gothic Church?

A

over the central portal or at the end of the transept.

30
Q

When did the Romanesque period of art occur?

A

11th and 12th centuries.

31
Q

What was the cultural result of the Crusades?

A

mingling of cultures and cultural ideas.

32
Q

What is the general style of Romanesque Art?

A

Expressive and emotional.

33
Q

Most Romanesque artwork was designed to evoke what type of response from its viewers?

A

powerful and emotional

34
Q

What was the subject matter of Romanesque art?

A

it reflected religious activity and enthusiasm .

35
Q

Which direction did the entrances face in Romanesque churches?

A

entrances were at the west end of the church.

36
Q

What is symbolic about worshiping toward the East?

A

Symbolically toward Jerusalem.

37
Q

What shape did churches of the Romanesque time create?

A

Latin Cross

38
Q

Why did Romanesque churches have low interior space?

A

weight problems and engineering technology

39
Q

What is an ambulatory?

A

walkway built around the apse

40
Q

Were windows small are large? Why?

A

small, not to weaken the walls

41
Q

What is an abbey?

A

Monastery + church

42
Q

Define Cloister

A

covered walkway that connect the church and the living quarters at a monastery

43
Q

Define Cathedra

A

a chair for the bishop at his home church.

44
Q

Where was Romanesque sculpture primarily found?

A

attached to architecture

45
Q

What type of painting was done in the Romanesque period?

A

Fresco

46
Q

What historic battle occurred in during the Romanesque period?

A

Battle of Hastings

47
Q

What is reflected in the Bayeux Tapestry?

A

The Battle of Hastings

48
Q

Who painted the romanesque fresco “Virgin and Child Enthroned”?

A

Master Pedret.

49
Q

Why didn’t you find the Frescos in North during the Romanesque period?

A

Was too cold and damp

Fine Arts Survey (3 decks)

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