Chapter 9

Question 1

Reform effort, generally centered in urban areas and begun in the early 1900s, whose aims included returning control of the government to the people, restoring economic opportunities, and correcting injustices in American life.

Answer 1

Progressive Movement

Question 2

Advocate for improving the lives of women and children; appointed chief inspector of factories in Illinois; helped win passage of the Illinois factory act in 1893 which prohibited child labor and limited women’s working hours.

Answer 2

Florence Kelly

Question 3

A law forbidding the sale of alcoholic beverages.

Answer 3

Prohibition

Question 4

Who is the writer or journalist of the early 1900s who uncovered shameful conditions in business and other areas of American life.

Answer 4

Muckraker

Question 5

Hiring experts to study how goods could be produced more quickly.

Answer 5

Scientific Management

Question 6

Progressive Republican who in Wisconsin, led the way in regulating big business. He made the railroad industry a major target. Nickname: “Fighting Bob”

Answer 6

Robert M. La Follette

Question 7

Allowed all citizens to introduce a bill into the legislative and required members to take a vote on it.

Answer 7

Initiative

Question 8

Procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office.

Answer 8

Recall

Question 9

Amendment to the United States Constitution (1913) gave Congress the power to tax income.

Answer 9

16th Amendment

Question 10

Passed in 1913, this amendment to the Constitution calls for the direct election of senators by the voters instead of their election by state legislatures.

Answer 10

17th Amendment

Question 11

Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages.

Answer 11

18th Amendment

Question 12

Amendment to the US Constitution (1920) extended the right to vote to women in federal or state elections.

Answer 12

19th Amendment

Question 13

The right to vote

Answer 13

Suffrage

Question 14

Author who wrote a book about the horrors of food productions in 1906- wrote The Jungle

Answer 14

Upton Sinclair

Question 15

This 1906 work by Upton Sinclair pointed out the abuses of the meat packing industry. The book led to the passage of the 1906 Meat Inspection Act.

Answer 15

The Jungle

Question 16

26th President of the United States, known for: Progressive Politics, conservationism, trust busting, Hepburn Act, safe food regulations, “Square Deal,” Panama Canal, Great White Fleet, Nobel Peace Prize for negotiation of peace in Russo-Japanese War

Answer 16

Theodore Roosevelt

Question 17

President Theodore Roosevelt’s plan for reform; all Americans are untitled to an equal opportunity to succeed

Answer 17

Square Deal

Question 18

1906- Laid down binding rules for sanitary meat packing and government inspection of meat products crossing state lines.

Answer 18

Meat Inspection Act

Question 19

1906- the act that prohibited the manufacture, sale, or shipment of impure of falsely labeled food and drugs.

Answer 19

Pure Food and Drug Act

Question 20

The preservation and careful management of the environment and of natural resources.

Answer 20

Conservation

Question 21

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, founded in 1909 to work for racial equality.

Answer 21

NAACP

Question 22

27th president of the US; he angered progressives by moving cautiously toward reforms and by supporting the Payne-Aldrich Tariff; he lost Roosevelt’s support and was defeated for a second term.

Answer 22

William Howard Taft

Question 23

A name given to the progressive party, formed to support Theodore Roosevelt’s candidacy for the presidency in 1912

Answer 23

Bull Moose Party

Question 24

Presidential campaign involving Taft, T. Roosevelt, and Woodrow Wilson. Taft and Roosevelt split the Republican vote, enabling Wilson to win

Answer 24

Election of 1912

Question 25

28th President of the United States, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women’s suffrage (reluctantly,) Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points post-war plan, League of Nations (but failed to win US ratification), won Nobel Peace Prize.

Answer 25

Woodrow Wilson

Question 26

The efforts to end racial segregation

Answer 26

Civil Rights Movement (early 20th century)

Question 27

Prominent black American, born into slavery, who believed that racism would end once blacks acquired useful labor skills and proved their economic value to society, was head of the Tuskegee Institute in 1881.

Answer 27

Booker T. Washington

Question 28

Harvard professor; believed that African Americans should Strive for full rights immediately; founded the NAACP

Answer 28

W.E.B Du Bois

Question 29

Corrected the problems of the Sherman Antitrust Act; outlawed certain practices that restricted competition; unions on strike could no longer be considered violating the antitrust acts

Answer 29

Clayton Antitrust Act

Question 30

A government agency established in 1914 to prevent unfair business practices and help maintain a competitive economy.

Answer 30

Federal Trade Commission

Question 31

The system created by Congress in 1913 to. Establish banking practices and regulate currency in circulation and the amount of credit available. It consists of 12 regional banks supervised by the Board of Governors. Often called simply the Fed.

Answer 31

Federal Reserve System

Question 32

An organization founded in 1890 to demand the vote for women.

Answer 32

National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)

Question 33

(1820-1906) An early leader of the womens suffrage movement, co-founded the National Woman’s Suffrage Association with Elizabeth Candy Stanton in 1869

Answer 33

Susan B. Anthony

Question 34

A woman’s suffrage leader, she was twice the president of the NAWSA. She was one of the main people attributed to woman’s suffrage.

Answer 34

Carrie Chapman Catt

Question 35

Radical suffragist supporting protests against President Wilson and formed the National Woman’s Party (1885-1977)

Answer 35

Alice Paul

Question 36

A group of militant suffragists who took to the streets with mass pickets, parades, and hunger strikes to convince the government to give them the right to vote. Led by Alice Paul.

Answer 36

National Woman’s Party

Question 37

Suzette LaFlesche

Answer 37

Native American Woman who spoke out for the Ponca people

Question 38

Socialist Party candidate in 1912

Answer 38

Eugene V. Debs

Question 39

The least pleasing candidate to reforms in the election of 1912

Answer 39

William H. Taft

Question 40

The Progressive (Bull Moose) party candidate in 1912

Answer 40

Theodore Roosevelt

Question 41

What led to the defeat of Taft in 1912?

Answer 41

His failure to unify the Republican Party

Question 42

Due to the lack of educational opportunities in the mid-1800s, the majority of women who held jobs worked as

Answer 42

Servants

Question 43

The first person to use the presidency as a “bully pulpit”

Answer 43

Theodore Roosevelt

Question 44

Who was the Democratic Party candidate in 1912

Answer 44

Woodrow Wilson

Question 45

Why was the key factor that increased educational opportunities for women during the Progressive Era?

Answer 45

New woman’s colleges establish

Question 46

What Party supported small business and free market competition?

Answer 46

Democratic

Question 47

Jobs held by women during the Progressive Era that required some type of education and skill set fit which group of people

Answer 47

Middle & upper class

Question 48

This movement was given new strength by a growing number of college-educated women

Answer 48

Woman’s suffrage

Question 49

This was intended to provide revenue lost by the lowering of tariffs

Answer 49

Income tax

Question 50

This substantially reduced import taxes for the first time since the Civil War

Answer 50

Underwood Tariff

Question 51

What states granted women the right to vote prior to the passage of the 19th Amendment?

Answer 51

Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, Idaho

Question 52

Who was head of the US Forest Service under President Roosevelt, favored a balanced approach concerning the private development and conservation of wilderness lands

Answer 52

Gifford Pinchot

Question 53

This was settled when Roosevelt got involved in the negotiations

Answer 53

1902 coal miners strike

Question 54

Calling for an end to capitalism, who was the Socialist presidential candidate who failed to capture any electoral votes in the 1912 election

Answer 54

Eugene V. Debs

Question 55

What party supported government action to supervise big business, but did not oppose all big business monopolies

Answer 55

Progressive

Question 56

What party favored big business, but worked to break up trusts

Answer 56

Republican

Question 57

What did President Taft do that angered progressive supporters

Answer 57

Signed the Payne-Aldrich Tariff

Question 58

What strategies were employed by woman suffragists to obtain their goal?

Answer 58

Advocated a constitutional amendment, tested the fourteenth Amendment in court, convinced state legislatures to grant women the right to vote

Question 59

Who gained most from the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment

Answer 59

Ordinary citizens

Question 60

Leader in the woman’s suffrage movement

Answer 60

Susan B. Anthony

Question 61

What were the result of the introduction of the assembly line

Answer 61

Increased productivity, higher wages, reduced hours of the workday

Question 62

What party felt that big business was evil and that the solution involved doing away with capitalism and distributing wealth

Answer 62

Socialist

Question 63

What was the primary goal of the NAACP

Answer 63

Equality among the races

Question 64

Under who did the progressive and conservative wings of the Republican Party begin to fragment

Answer 64

Taft

Question 65

Who supported antitrust legislation, banking reform , and reduced tariffs under a progressive platform known as the New Freedom

Answer 65

Woodrow Wilson

Question 66

What party advocated for a number of reforms including womens suffrage, an eight hour workday, and a federal low against child labor

Answer 66

Progressive Party

Question 67

Strategies in order that the suffragists used to gain the right to vote for women

Answer 67

1. Women tried to convince state legislatures to grant women the right to vote 2. Women pursued court cases to test the Fourteenth Amendment 3. Women pushed for a national constitutional amendment granting women the vote

Question 68

Who was the Republican Party candidate in the 1912 election

Answer 68

William Howard Taft

Question 69

Who were actively involved in securing the right to vote for women

Answer 69

Elizabeth Candy Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Carrie Chapman Catt

Question 70

The progressive movement regarded what as worthy goals

Answer 70

Protecting social welfare, creating economic reform, fostering efficiency in the workplace