Chapter 9/14

Question 0

Agora

Answer 0

In ancient Greece, public spaces where citizens debated, lectured, judged each other, planned military campaigns, socialized, and traded.

Question 1

Acropolis

Answer 1

High point of the city. Upper fortified part of an ancient Greek city, usually devoted to religion

Question 2

Agricultural Surplus

Answer 2

One of two components, together with social stratification, enable formation of cities

Question 3

Agricultural village

Answer 3

A relatively small village where most of the population was involved in agriculture

Question 4

Blockbusting

Answer 4

Rapid change in the racial composition of residential blocks in American cities that occurs when real estate agents…

Question 5

Central Buisness District

Answer 5

The downtown heart of a central city, the CBD is marked by high lands values, a concentration of Business and commerce and clustering of tall buildings

Question 6

Central city

Answer 6

The urban area that is not suburban generally older or originated city

Question 7

Central place theory

Answer 7

Developed by Walter Christaller that explains how/where central places in the urban hierarchy should be functionally and spatially distributed with respect to one another

Question 8

City

Answer 8

Conglomeration of people and building clustered together to serve as a center of p, c, and eco

Question 9

Commercialzation

Answer 9

The transformation of an area of a city into an area attractive to residents and tourists alike

Question 10

Concentric zone model

Answer 10

A structural model of the American central city that suggests the existence of five rings around a center

Question 11

Disamenity sector

Answer 11

The very poorest parts of cities that in extreme cases are not even connected to regular city services and are controlled by gangs or drug lords

Question 12

Edge cities

Answer 12

A term introduced by joel garreau in order to describe the shifting forces of urbanization away from CBD

Question 13

First urban revolution

Answer 13

The innovation of the city, which occurred independently in five separate hearths

Question 14

Forum

Answer 14

The focal point of anicent Roman life combining the functions of the ancient Greek acropolis and agora

Question 15

Functional Zonation

Answer 15

The division of a city into different regions or zones

Question 16

Gated communites

Answer 16

Restricted neighborhoods or subdivisions often literally fenced in, where entry is limited to residents and their guests.

Question 17

Gentrification

Answer 17

The rehabilitation of deteriorated, often abandoned, housing of low income inner city residents

Question 18

Griffen-Ford Model

Answer 18

Developed by geographers Ernst Griffen and Larry ford, a model of latin american city

Question 19

Huang He and Wei

Answer 19

Rivers in present day china

Question 20

Indus River Valley

Answer 20

Chronologicaly the third urban hearth dating to 2200 BCE

Question 21

Informal economy

Answer 21

Any illegal activity not recorded by government

Question 22

Leadership class

Answer 22

Group of decision makers and organizers in early cities who controlled the resources, often the lives of others

Question 23

McGee Model

Answer 23

Developed by geographer TG McGee a model showing similar land use patterns amoung the medium sized cities of southeast asia

Question 24

McMansions

Answer 24

Homes referred to as such because of their supersize and similarity in appearance to other such homes, homes often built in tear downs in american suburbs

Question 25

Mesoamerica

Answer 25

The fifth urban hearth

Question 26

Mesopotamia

Answer 26

First urban hearth

Question 27

New urbanism

Answer 27

Outlined by a group of architects from 20 countries. An urban design that calls for development

Question 28

Nile River Valley

Answer 28

Second urban hearth

Question 29

Primate city

Answer 29

A countrys largest city

Question 30

Rank-size Rule

Answer 30

In a model urban hierarchy, the idea that the population of a city or town will be inversely proportional to its rank in the hierarchy

Question 31

Redlining

Answer 31

A discriminatory real estate practice in north america in which members of minority groups are prevented from obtaining money

Question 32

Shantytowns

Answer 32

Unplanned slum development on the margins of cities, dominated by crude dwellings and shelters

Question 33

Site

Answer 33

The internal physical attributes of a place

Question 34

Situation

Answer 34

The external locational attributes of a place

Question 35

Social stratifacation

Answer 35

One or two components, together with agricultural surplus, which enables the formation of cities

Question 36

Spaces of consumption

Answer 36

Areas of a city, the main purpose of which is to encourage people to consume goods and services

Question 37

Suburb

Answer 37

A subsidiary urban area surrounding and connected to the central city l. Some are only residential others have centers etc

Question 38

Suburbanization

Answer 38

Movement of upper and middle class people from urban core areas to the surrounding outskirts to escape pollution as well as deteriorating social conditions

Question 39

Sunbelt phenonmena

Answer 39

The movement of millions of americans from northern and northeastern US to south and southwest regions

Question 40

Tear-downs

Answer 40

Homes bought in american suburbs with the intent of tearing them down and replacing them with much larger homes often referred to as mcmasions

Question 41

Trade area

Answer 41

Adjacent to every town and city within which its influence is dominant

Question 42

Urban area

Answer 42

The entire built up nonrural area and its population including the most recently constructed suburban appendages l. Provides a better picture of the dimensions and population of such an area than the delimited municipality that forms its heart

Question 43

Urban morphology

Answer 43

The study of the physical form and structure of urban places

Question 44

Urban sprawl

Answer 44

Unrestricted growth in many american urban areas of housing, commercial development, and roads over a large expanses of land, with little concern for urban planning

Question 45

World city

Answer 45

Dominant city in terms of its role in the global political economy not the worlds biggest city in terms of population or industrial output but rather strategic control of world economy

Question 46

Zone

Answer 46

Area of city with relatively uniform land use

Question 47

Zoning laws

Answer 47

Legal restrictions on land use that determines what types of building and economic activities are allowed to take place in certain areas.

Question 48

Urban hierarchy

Answer 48

A ranking of settlements according to their size and economic functions

Question 49

Cadstral map

Answer 49

A large scale map for the purpose of depicting value, extent and ownership

Question 50

Core areas

Answer 50

Core refers to center heart or focus.

Question 51

Suburban downtown

Answer 51

Significant concentration of diversified economic activities around a highly accessible suburban location

Question 52

Centrality

Answer 52

Strength of an urban center in its capacity to attract producers and consumers

Question 53

Gatekeepers

Answer 53

People or corporations who control access to information

Question 54

Horizontal intergration

Answer 54

Ownership by the same firm of a number of companies that exists at the same point on a commodity chain

Question 55

Local exchange trading systems

Answer 55

A barter system whereby a local currency is created through which members trade services or goods in a local network separated from the formal economy

Question 56

Networks

Answer 56

Defined by Manuel Castells as a set of interconnected nodes without a center

Question 57

Participatory development

Answer 57

The notion that locals should be engaged in deciding what development means for them and how it should be achieved

Question 58

Synergy

Answer 58

The criss promotion of vertically integrated goods

Question 59

Vertical intergration

Answer 59

Ownership by the same firm of a number of companies that exists along a variety of points on a commodity chain

Question 60

Washington census

Answer 60

Label used to refer to the following fundamental principles of free trade: 1) that free trade raises the well being of all countries by inducing them to devote their resources to production of those goods they produce relatively most efficiently

Question 61

Commodity chain

Answer 61

Series of links connecting the many places of production and distribution resulting in a commodity that is then exchanged on the world market