chapter 9 Flashcards
How do plants make food?
Photosynthesis
What keeps plants anchored?
Roots
What cell parts are unique to plants?
Cell wall, chloroplasts, central vacuole
What do plants release during photosynthesis?
Oxygen
What are the two plant systems?
Shoot and root systems
What is the shoot system for?
Photosynthesis, light exposure
What does the root system do?
Absorbs water/nutrients, anchors plant
Where are eggs found in flowers?
Inside ovules in the pistil
What produces and holds pollen?
Anthers in the stamen
What transports water and sugar in plants?
Xylem (water) and phloem (sugar)
What algae did plants evolve from?
Charophytes
What was the first land plant group?
Bryophytes
Why do bryophytes need moist environments?
No vascular tissue; need water to reproduce
What is a key adaptation in seedless vascular plants?
Vascular tissue
What do seeds protect?
The plant embryo
What plant group was first to develop seeds?
Gymnosperms
What’s an example of a gymnosperm?
Pine tree (conifer)
What helps gymnosperms live in dry areas?
Seeds in cones
What do fruits help with?
Seed dispersal
What are the most common plant type today?
Angiosperms
What is the flower’s role?
Reproduction
What is double fertilization?
Two sperm—one fertilizes egg, one makes endosperm
What are monocot features?
One cotyledon, fibrous roots, parallel veins
What are dicot features?
Two cotyledons, taproot, branched veins
