Chapter 9

Question 1

Rizal’s second novel; darker, more revolutionary than Noli, aimed at exposing deeper social corruption.

Answer 1

El Filibusterismo

Question 2

A rebel or someone opposing colonial rule; label used by Spaniards to silence critics like Rizal.

Answer 2

Filibustero

Question 3

Ibarra’s alter ego in El Fili; symbolizes radical change and vengeance after failed reform.

Answer 3

Simoun

Question 4

The belief that society must be changed through force or uprising; El Fili leans heavily into this.

Answer 4

Revolutionary ideology

Question 5

The act of suffering or dying for a cause; a recurring theme symbolizing sacrifice for the nation.

Answer 5

Martyrdom

Question 5

The act of suffering or dying for a cause; a recurring theme symbolizing sacrifice for the nation.

Answer 5

Martyrdom

Question 6

Cowardly; used to describe people who know the truth but fear acting on it.

Answer 6

Pusillanimous

Question 7

Conduct or speech that incites people to rebel against the authority; El Fili was accused of promoting this.

Answer 7

Sedition

Question 8

The colonial government and friars as corrupt and cruel rulers.

Answer 8

Oppressive regime

Question 9

Simoun’s failed plan to destroy corrupt leaders; represents the frustration with peaceful reform.

Answer 9

Bomb plot

Question 10

Inner sense of right and wrong; a key struggle for many El Fili characters.

Answer 10

Conscience

Question 11

Legal systems manipulated by the powerful; symbolized in cases like Cabesang Tales and Juli.

Answer 11

False justice

Question 11

Common themes in El Fili, used to highlight systemic corruption.

Answer 11

Bribery and exploitation

Question 12

Simoun’s loss of hope in reform, turning to revenge instead.

Answer 12

Disillusionment

Question 12

The move from peaceful change to revolutionary action

Answer 12

Radicalism