Chapter 9

Question 0

Failure of a measure to detect a difference because it was too easy

Answer 0

Ceiling affect

Question 1

Direct observation of behaviors

Answer 1

Behavioral measures

Question 2

A person posing as a participant in an experiment was actually part of the experiment

Answer 2

Confederate

Question 3

Cues that inform the subject how he or she is expected to behave

Answer 3

Demand characteristics

Question 4

A procedure where in both the experimenter and the participant are unaware of whether the participant is in the experimental treatment or the control condition

Answer 4

Double-blind experiment

Question 5

A measure of the electrical activity of the brain

Answer 5

Electroencephalogram

Question 6

A measure of the electrical activity of muscles including muscle tension

Answer 6

Electromyogram

Question 7

Any intentional or unintentional influence that the experimenter exerts on subjects to confirm the hypothesis under investigation

Answer 7

Experimenter bias (expectancy effects)

Question 8

Items included in a questionnaire measure to help disguise the true purpose of the measure

Answer 8

Filler items

Question 9

Failure of the measure to detect a difference because it is too difficult

Answer 9

Floor effect

Question 10

Provides information on the amount of activity in different brain structures

Answer 10

Functional MRI

Question 11

Electrical conductance of the skin which changes when sweating occurs

Answer 11

Galvanic skin response

Question 12

A measure used to determine whether the manipulation of the independent variable has had its intended effect on a subject

Answer 12

Manipulation check

Question 13

Maximizes the differences between the two groups and increases the chance of the independent variable will have a statistically significant effect on the dependent variable

Answer 13

manipulation strength

Question 14

Image of an individual’s brain structure

Answer 14

MRI

Question 15

Recordings of responses of the body

Answer 15

Physiological measure

Question 16

A small scale study conducted prior to conducting an actual experiment designed to test and refine procedures

Answer 16

Pilot study

Question 17

In drug research, a group given an inert substance to assess the psychological effect of receiving a treatment

Answer 17

Placebo group

Question 18

Used to measure aspects of human thought and behavior

Answer 18

Self-report

Question 19

The ability of a measure to detect differences between groups

Answer 19

Sensitivity

Question 20

Participant is unaware of whether a placebo or the actual drug is being administered

Answer 20

Single-blind experiment

Question 21

Staged events during an experiment in order to manipulate the independent variable successfully

Answer 21

Staged manipulation

Question 22

Variable is manipulated with instructions and stimulus presentations

Answer 22

Straightforward manipulation