Chapter 9

Question 1

Coriolis

Answer 1

Due to the increased velocity at the equator compared to that of the poles objects moving between the poles and equator are deflected.
•deflection is dependent upon hemisphere and point of origin

Question 2

Wavelength

Answer 2

Combined distance of crest and trough

Question 3

Aerosols

Answer 3

Solids and liquids stuck in the atmosphere
ex: dust, smog, haze, pollen, ash, soil
•help to form clouds
•reflect and absorb sunlight

Question 4

Humidity

Answer 4

Amount of water in air compared to max amount of water air at that temperature could hold

Question 5

Adiabatic Cooling

Answer 5

Hot air rises. As the air rises it expands and the water molecules condense

Question 6

Adiabatic Heating

Answer 6

Cool air sinks. As it sinks it compresses and heats

Question 7

Orographic Effect

Answer 7

Mountains force wind up, decreasing pressure creating clouds

•other side of mountain is turned into a desert by the sinking hot air that lacks water

Question 8

Albedo

Answer 8

The fraction of incoming solar energy that is reflected by the earths surface.
•albedo effected by ice and angle at which sunlight is received

Question 9

Frontal Wedging

Answer 9

Cold air mass forces approaching warm air to rise

Question 10

Converging Winds

Answer 10

Winds collide causing both to rise

Question 11

Convective Lifting

Answer 11

Hot air rises is less dense so it rises

Question 12

Heat index

Answer 12

How hot air feels, includes humidity and evaporative cooling

Question 13

Latent Heat

Answer 13

Energy released or absorbed in water when it changes its physical state

Question 14

Latent Heat of Vaporization

Answer 14

Energy stored in water vapor released upon condensation to liquid water

Question 15

Latent heat of condensation

Answer 15

H

Question 16

Latent Heat of Fusion

Answer 16

Energy released was water freezes to ice

Question 17

Short Wavelength

Answer 17

The sun

Question 18

Long Wavelength

Answer 18

The earth

Question 19

Greenhouse Effect

Answer 19

Excess heat is radiated upward from earths surface and it absorbed by gases in the atmosphere

Question 20

Hydrologic Cylce

Answer 20

The water cycle

Question 21

Specific heat

Answer 21

Amount of heat requires to raise the temperature of a substance

Question 22

Convection

Answer 22

Transmission of heat in flowing water, air, or deforming rock

Question 23

Conduction

Answer 23

Transmission of heat without rock or metal moving

Question 24

Saturation Humidity

Answer 24

Max amount of water vapor that can exist in an air mass which increases with temperature

Question 25

How Coriolis Effect aids hurricane formation?

Answer 25

Converging winds in mid latitudes are subjected to Coriolis which spin the air

Question 26

Tropical Disturbance

Answer 26

Cluster of thunderstorms at sea

Question 27

Tropical depression

Answer 27

Poorly organized in cyclonic structure

Question 28

Tropical storms

Answer 28

Wind speeds between 39mph and 74mph

Question 29

Tropical Hurricane

Answer 29

Well organized and above 74mph

Question 30

What scale is used to measure severity of a hurricane?

Answer 30

Saffir-Simpson Scale

Question 31

Dry Adiabatic lapse rate

Answer 31

D

Question 32

Moist Adiabatic lapses rate

Answer 32

D

Question 33

Sensible heat

Answer 33

Commonly refers to conduction and convection

Question 34

Insolation

Answer 34

Amount of measurement for reviewed solar radiation

Question 35

Troposphere

Answer 35

Lowest layer of atmosphere | •where most moisture and weather occurs

Question 36

Tropopause

Answer 36

Heat rising from surface, air temp decreases with altitude | •reversal

Question 37

Stratosphere

Answer 37

Above troposphere acts as a barrier to weather

Question 38

Strato

Answer 38

He

Question 39

Mesosphere

Answer 39

Above stratosphere decreased temperature throughout atmospheric levels

Question 40

Pressure Gradient Force

Answer 40

Attempts to equalize air pressure differences. Causes high pressure to push air toward low pressure

Question 41

Isobars

Answer 41

Map lines that that define high and low pressure air cells

Question 42

Anticyclones

Answer 42

High pressure air zones enclosed by roughly circular isobars

Question 43

Hadley Cells

Answer 43

Huge air current powered by intense sunlight in the equator

Question 44

Fronts

Answer 44

Boundaries between air masses

Question 45

Jet streams

Answer 45

High energy elongated flows commonly in earths atmospheres and oceans

Question 46

Thermos line flow

Answer 46

Feel ocean waters flows in an overturning circulation

Question 47

``` Hurricanes Typhoons Severe Tropical Storm Severe Cyclonic Storm Tropical Cyclone ```

Answer 47

Hurricanes: northern Atlantic, northeast pacific, south pacific Typhoons: northwest pacific hits Asia Severe Tropical Storm:southwest pacific Severe Cyclonic Storm: northern Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclone; southern Indian Ocean