Chapter 9

Question 1

What is intelligence?

Answer 1

Boring’s def’n: Intelligence is whatever intelligence tests measure

Question 2

Who created the first intelligence test?

Answer 2

Binet and Simon 1905

Question 3

What is general intelligence? (g)

Answer 3

Overall differences in intellect among people

Question 4

What are particular skills? (s)

Answer 4

Reflected in our specific abilities

Question 5

What is fluid intelligence?

Answer 5

Capacity to learn new ways of solving problems

Question 6

What is crystallized intelligence?

Answer 6

Accumulated knowledge of the world we gain over time

Question 7

What are Sternberg’s 3 distinct types of intelligence?

Answer 7

Analytical (book smart), Practical (street smart), Creative (creativity)

Question 8

What is analytical intelligence?

Answer 8

Ability to reason logically

Question 9

What is practical intelligence?

Answer 9

Ability to solve real-word problems

Question 10

What is creative intelligence?

Answer 10

Ability to come up with novel and effective answers

Question 11

What is the central theme?

Answer 11

Speed of information processing is related to intelligence

Question 12

What is information tests?

Answer 12

Taps general range information

Question 13

What is comprehension tests?

Answer 13

Tests understanding of social conventions and ability to evaluate past experiences

Question 14

What is arithmetic tests?

Answer 14

Tests arithmetic reason through verbal problems

Question 15

What is similarities test?

Answer 15

Asks in what way certain objects or concepts are similar, measure abstract thinking

Question 16

What is digit symbol test?

Answer 16

Tests speed of learning through timed coding tasks in which numbers must be associated with marks of various shapes

Question 17

What is visual puzzle test?

Answer 17

Tests ability to organize parts of a figure into a large spatial array

Question 18

What is Galton’s theory?

Answer 18

People with better senses acquire more knowledge

Question 19

What are the 4 levels of intellectual disability?

Answer 19

Mild, moderate, severe, profound; the more severe the intellectual disability, the less likely it is to run in families

Question 20

What does Terman’s “termites” show?

Answer 20

Prodigies do not “burn out” or have higher rates of mental illness

Question 21

What makes a genius?

Answer 21

Genetic factors play a role, but so do practice and dedication

Question 22

What is the flynn effect?

Answer 22

The average IQ of the population has been rising by about 3 points every 10 years

Question 23

What caused the flynn effect?

Answer 23

Increased test sophistication
Increased complexity of modern world
Better nutrition
Changes at home and school

Question 24

Why are there racial differences in IQ?

Answer 24

Differences appear to be largely or completely environmental in origin

Question 25

Why are there societal differences?

Answer 25

Most likely cause of IQ differences, not genetics

Question 26

What is multiple intelligence?

Answer 26

The idea that people vary in their ability levels across different domains of intellectual skill

Question 27

What is within-group heritability?

Answer 27

The variability of a trait within a group is genetically influenced

Question 28

What is between-group heritability?

Answer 28

The difference in a trait between groups is genetically influenced

Question 29

What is test bias?

Answer 29

The tendency of a test to predict outcomes better in one group than another

Question 30

What is stereotype threat?

Answer 30

The fear that we may confirm a negative group stereotype