Chapter 9 Culture and Ethnicity

Question 1

Culture:

Answer 1

thoughts, communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions of racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups

Question 2

Culture has 2 components:

Answer 2

Visible

Invisible (less observable)

Question 3

Subcultures:

Answer 3

ethnic and religious groups with characteristics distinct from the dominant culture
Ex. Amish, Appalachian

Question 4

Ethnicity:

Answer 4

shared identity related to social and cultural heritage such as values, language, geographical space, and racial characteristics

Question 5

Emic worldview:

Answer 5

intercultural encounter w/ insider or native perspective

Question 6

Etic worldview:

Answer 6

outsider perspective

Question 7

Enculturation:

Answer 7

socialization into one’s primary culture as a child

Question 8

Acculturation:

Answer 8

secondary culture learning that occurs when the culture of a minority is gradually displaced by the culture of the dominant group

Question 9

Assimilation:

Answer 9

members of an ethnocultural community are absorbed into another community and lose their unique characteristics such as language, customs, and ethnicity

Question 10

Biculturalism:

Answer 10

occurs when an individual identifies equally with two or more cultures

Question 11

Transcultural nursing:

Answer 11

comparative study of culture to understand similarities and differences across human groups

Question 12

Culturally congruent care:

Answer 12

care that fits the person’s life patterns. values, and a set of meanings

Question 13

Cultural competence:

Answer 13

is the process of acquiring specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes to ensure delivery of culturally congruent care

Question 14

Cultural competence Five interlocking components:

Answer 14

1. Cultural awareness
2. Cultural knowledge
3. Cultural skills
4. Cultural encounters
5. Cultural desire

Question 15

Cultural awareness:

Answer 15

an in-depth self examination of one’s own background

Question 16

Cultural knowledge:

Answer 16

obtaining sufficient comparative knowledge of diverse groups

Question 17

Cultural skills:

Answer 17

Being able to assess social, cultural, and biophysical factors

Question 18

Cultural encounters:

Answer 18

engaging in cross-cultural interactions that provide learning of other cultures and opportunities for effective intercultural communication development

Question 19

Cultural desire:

Answer 19

the motivation and commitment to caring that moves an individual to learn from others

Question 20

Ethnocentrism:

Answer 20

a tendency to hold one’s own way of life as superior to others

Question 21

Cultural imposition:

Answer 21

use their own values and lifestyles as the absolute guide in dealing with patients and interpreting their behaviors

Question 22

Naturalistic practitioners:

Answer 22

attribute illness to natural, impersonal, and biological forces that cause alteration in the equilibrium of the human body

Question 23

Personalistic practitioners:

Answer 23

believe that an external agent, which can be human or nonhuman causes health and illness

Question 24

Culture-bound syndromes:

Answer 24

illnesses that are specific reactions of the members of the culture

Question 25

Rites of passage:

Answer 25

as significant social markers of changes in a person's life

Question 26

Cultural and life transitions:

Answer 26

``` Pregnancy Childbirth Newborn Postpartum Period Grief and Loss ```

Question 27

Cultural pain:

Answer 27

when health care providers disregard values or cultural beliefs

Question 28

Cultural assessment:

Answer 28

Census data Asking questions Establishing relationships

Question 29

Ethnohistory:

Answer 29

refers to significant historical experiences of a particular group

Question 30

Selected Components of Cultural Assessment:

Answer 30

``` Family Structure Ethnic Heritage and Ethnohistory Bicultural Effects on Health Social Organization Religious and Spiritual Beliefs Foods and Cultural significance Communication Patterns ```

Question 31

Fictive:

Answer 31

non blood kin

Question 32

bilineal:

Answer 32

kinship of both mother and father's side of the family

Question 33

patrilineal:

Answer 33

father's side of family

Question 34

matrilineal:

Answer 34

mother's side

Question 35

Time Orientation:

Answer 35

all cultures have past, present, and future time dimensions

Question 36

Cultural care preservation or maintenance:

Answer 36

retain and/or preserve relevant care values so patients maintain their well being recover from illness, or face handicaps and/or death

Question 37

Cultural care accommodation or negotiation:

Answer 37

adapt or negotiate with others for a beneficial or satisfying health outcome

Question 38

Cultural care re-patterning or restructuring:

Answer 38

reorder, change, or greatly modify patient's lifestyles for a new, different, and beneficial health care pattern