Chapter 9- Ecosystems Flashcards
Name the term that means, animals that only eat plants
Herbivores
Name the term that means, animals that only eat other animals
Carnivores
Name the term that means, organisms that break down dead bodies and wastes and recycle material for the produces to reuse
Decomposers
Name the term that means, animals that feed only on dead animals
Scavengers
What is the range of different species in a community called?
Biodiversity
Four arguments in favour of protecting ecosystems
- cultural value
- economics
- survival
- compassion
Why is photosynthesis so important to an ecosystem?
Because it is used to make all the other materials that a plant needs, such as proteins, fats and vitamins.
How does energy enter an ecosystem?
From one organism eating another organism.
What is an adaption?
An adaption is a characteristic that helps a living organism survive successfully in its environment. Survival needs to be until the organism can reproduce.
What does abiotic mean?
Not biotic
What does biotic mean?
Living
Abiotic factors
- salinity ( salt content)
- require water ( not all drink it)
- sunlight
- oxygen content
Biotic factors are
- food supply
- predators
- parasites
- collaborators -mutralism- comauensalism
- competition
Name the term that means, organisms that eat food
Consumers
What are the 4 main types of relationships between organisms?
Competition - baby birds
Predation- lion
Mutualism - flagellate
Parasitism- parastitic wasp
Definition of an ecosystem
A place where organisms and their physical surroundings form a balanced environment that is different from others nearby
What is a food chain?
A food chain is a sequence of organisms redding on each other
What is a first order consumers?
Usually a herbivore
What is a second order consumer?
An animal feeding on a first order consumer
What is a third order consumer?
An animal feeding on a second order consumer. An animal that eats other animals is called an carnivore.
What is an food web
All the linked food chains in an organism
What are the main human impacts on an ecosystem?
Habitat destruction- eg logging
Introduced species- foxes, cats
Chemical pesticides - ddt, spraying insecticides on crops
Chemical pollution- global warming
Over cropping- can lead to animal endangeredment h
List the components of an ecosystem
- physical surroundings, such as rocks, soul and water
- living organisms
- living and non living factors that make up an environment.
What is mutualism and an example of it?
Mutualism is a relationship where both organisms benefit positively and rely on eachother for interaction.
E.g. Grouper and shrimp
