Chapter 9 Joints

Question 0

Amphiarthroses

Answer 0

Slightly movable

Question 1

Synarthroses

Answer 1

Immovable

Question 2

Diarthroses

Answer 2

Freely movable

Question 3

Fibrous tissues

Answer 3

Mostly immovable; there are 3 types; sutures, syndesmoses, gomphoses

Question 4

Sutures

Answer 4

Filled with ct fibers; and synostoses when skull bones fuse

Question 5

Fibrous: syndesmoses

Answer 5

Bones connected by fibrous tissues; tibia and fibula, radius and ulna

Question 6

Gomphoses

Answer 6

Fibrous connection, periodontal ligament + symphyses

Question 7

Cartilage joints

Answer 7

Lack joint cavity; syndroses + symphyses

Question 8

Synchondroses

Answer 8

Plate of hyaline cartilage unites bones they are all synarthrotic; ephysis of children; rib and sternum

Question 9

Symphyses

Answer 9

Fused to pad of fibrocartilage, amphiathrotic designed for strength and flexibility; pubic symphysis and intervertebral

Question 10

Synovial joints

Answer 10

Seperated by fluid containing joint cavity; all are diarthroses; limbs and most joints of body

Question 11

Synovial structure

Answer 11

Articular cartilage, joint cavity, articular capsule, synovial fluid, reinforcing ligaments

Question 12

Synovial friction-reducing structure

Answer 12

Bursae: flattened fibrous sacs lines with synovial membranes and synovial fluid, ex. Ligaments, muscle, skin, tendons, or bones rub together
Tendon sheath: elongated bursa wraps completely around tendon

Question 13

Synovial stability

Answer 13

articular surfaces, ligaments, tendons kept tight by muscle tone

Question 14

Types of synovial joints

Answer 14

Plane joints, articular surfaces, hinge joints

Question 15

Pivot joints

Answer 15

Uniaxial movement allowed, protrudes a sleeve or ring composed of bone examples: joint between the axis and the dens and proximal radio ulnar joint, condyloid or ellipsoidal

Question 16

Saddle joints

Answer 16

Similar Condyloid joints but greater movement, concave and convex surface, carpometacarpal joint of thumb

Question 17

Ball socket joints

Answer 17

Spherical and hemispherical head of one bone that articulate with cup like socket multiaxial joints freely moving synovial joints, shoulder and hip joints

Question 18

Synovial shoulder

Answer 18

Stability sacrificed to acquire freedom of movement, humerus articulating with glenoid fossa

Question 19

Synovial shoulder stability

Answer 19

Weak; thin loose joint capsule, for ligaments coracohumral and three glenohumeral

Question 20

Synovial knee

Answer 20

Largest and most complex joint of body, flexion, extension, and rotation, femoropatellar

Question 21

Sprains

Answer 21

Ligaments reinforcing a joint are stretched or torn, slowly repair when partially torn, completely torn require surgical repair

Question 22

Cartilage injuries

Answer 22

The snap and pop of over stressed cartilage, common aerobics injury, repairs with arthroscopic surgery

Question 23

Dislocation

Answer 23

When bones are forced out of alignment usually acompanied by sprains inflammation and immobilizations

Question 24

Bursitis

Answer 24

Inflammation of bursa caused by blow or friction, swelling pain, treated with anti inflammatory drugs

Question 25

Tendinitis

Answer 25

Inflammation of tendon sheaths caused by overuse treatment like bursitis

Question 26

Arthritis

Answer 26

100 types of inflammatory degenerative diseases that damage joints

Question 27

Joints

Answer 27

Weakest part of skeleton, give mobility and hole skeleton together