Chapter 9: Political divisions: Long Parliament, Pym and Civil War outbreak Flashcards
(47 cards)
When did the long parliament run?
1640-60.
Why do we say the long parliament ran until 1660 when in reality there was multiple different parliaments?
Parliament argued only they could dissolve themselves, so although Charles dissolved them many times, they didn’t dissolve themselves until 1660.
What was Bedford’s proposed financial settlement in 1640/41?
- Abolish worst parts of personal rule.
- Return to Protestantism.
- Bedford as Lord Treasurer.
- Pym as Chancellor of Exchequer.
- Backed by Pym.
Why did Bedford’s financial settlement not end up happening?
Bedford died 1641.
What was the Bridging appointment proposed by Bedford in 1641?
Charles opponents should be appointed to Parliament to ensure balance and no uprisings from P.
What were parliaments criticisms of Wentworth, leading up to his impeachment?
- Wentworth wanted war with Scotland, P liked Scots.
- P using Wentworth as scape-goat when their really angry at Charles.
- P didn’t like that Wentworth wanted English army to come back from Ireland to control country.
- Thought if they got rid of ‘evil ministers’ P could replace them without too much disruption, but still change.
- Scots wanted Wentworth dead.
When was Wentworth impeached?
November 1640.
When was Wentworth’s trial?
March 1641.
When was Wentworth executed?
12th May 1641.
What is a Bill of Attainder?
Medieval. Anyone seen as a threat to the state can be removed from P without a trial.
Who was the Bill of Attainder used on in 1641?
Wentworth.
What did parliament use to remove Wentworth from parliament without a trial?
Bill of Attainder.
Why did Charles consent to Wentworth’s execution?
Scared for his and his families lives.
What was dodgy about the vote for Wentworth’s execution?
Only about half of parliament voted (moderates). So looks like majority wanted him dead, but really only radicals voted.
What was the army plot in May 1641?
- Pym revealed rumours of army plot.
- Royalist plot trying to seize Tower of London and release Wentworth.
- London Mob went to tower to defend it and keep Wentworth in prison.
Who were the London crowd/mob?
Derogatory term towards ordinary people supporting parliament.
What was John Pym’s aims as an opposer of Charles in commons in 1640?
Figure head of radical attack on crown.
- Remove Charles ‘evil councillors’.
- Increase Protestantism.
- Working with Coventers.
When was the Root and Branch petition?
December 1640.
What was the Root and Branch petition?
- Demanded end of bishops and episcopacy.
- By Puritans.
- House of Lords rejected petition.
When was the Triennial Act?
February 1641.
What was the Triennial Act?
- Abolished ship money.
- Crown had to call P every 3 years.
- Ensured not another personal rule.
When did Bedford die?
May 1641.
Why were there divisions within parliament in 1641?
- Disagreed with how to prevent personal rule.
- Not everyone agreed with Bill of Attainder.
- Religion - some more protestant, some more puritan.
When was the ten propositions?
June 1641.
