Chapter 9: Sex Organ Anatomy And Physiology Flashcards
(74 cards)
What is the scrotum
The sac that holds the testes. Inside of the scrotum connects to the abdominal cavity though the inguinal canal.
What are the testis (plural testes)
The organs that make sperm cells - the reproductive cells
What is the epididymis
The series of hollow tubes stores mature sperm cells
What is the ductus (vas) deferens
During ejaculation, sperm cells travel from the epididymis, through the ductus deferens and ultimately into the urethra
In the ductus deferens, the sperm cells are suspended in a salt water solution (extracellular fluid)
What is the seminal vesicle
This gland secretes a sticky yellowish/whitish fluid, which makes up about 60% of the semen. This fluid enters the urethra via the ejaculatory ducts
What is the ejaculatory duct
The ejaculatory ducts are small paired tubes that carry sperm for the vans deferens and fluid from the seminal vesicles into the urethra. They pass through the prostate gland.
What is the urethra
This tube has two functions. It transports urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. It also transports semen from the reproductive organs to the outside of the body
What is the bulbourethral gland
During sexual arousal, this gland secretes a small amount of slippery fluid into the urethra to neutralize any acidic urine and lubricate the glans
What is the prostate gland
This gland secretes a thin, milky white fluid, which makes up about 30% of the semen. This fluid enters the urethra as the urethra passes through the prostate.
What is the penis
The penis is made mostly of three spongy tissue structures: the paired corpora cavernosa and the single corpus spongiosum. These are the tissues that fill with blood during an erection.
What is the glans of penis
This portion of the penis is sometimes called the head. It is covered by a layer of skin called the prepuce or foreskin. Circumcision is the practice of cutting off the foreskin. This may be done for both cultural and medical reasons
What is the bladder
This hollow sac stores the urine formed in the kidney
What is the spermatic cord
The spermatic cord is made up of the ductus deferens, the testicular artery and the testicular vein. The spermatic cord travels from the testis of the scrotum, through the inguinal canal and into the abdominal cavity
What is the ovary
The organ that makes oocytes (egg cells) - the reproductive cells
What is the uterine tube (oviduct, fallopian tube)
This structure transports ovulated oocytes from the ovary to the uterus. If sperm cells are present fertilization will occur in the uterine tube.
What is the infundibulum and the fimbriae
The enlarged food portion of the uterine tube that opens over the ovary is called the infundibulum, and the fimbrae extend from the edges of the infundibulum
What is the uterus
This hollow structure contains a thick layer of smooth muscle and is lined with a tissue called endometrium. If fertilization has occurred, the zygote will implant in the uterus. If fertilization has not occurred, the endometrium will be shed during a period. The uterus is located in the pelvic cavity, but during pregnancy will expand to fill much of the abdominal cavity as well
What is the thick smooth muscle in the uterus called
Myometrium
What is the tissue that lines the uterus
Endometrium
What are the regions of the uterus
Fundus, body, and cervix
What is the fundus of the uterus
The dome-shaped superior aspect of the uterus
What is the cervix
The narrow muscular opening to the uterus, usually contains sticky mucus, which prevents the passage of bacteria and other pathogens. Around the time of ovulation, this mucus thins, allowing sperm to pass through
What is the broad ligament of the uterus
This “ligament” is actually a fold of peritoneum that covers and supports the uterus, uterine tube and ovary
What is the vagina (vaginal canal)
This hollow muscular tube connects the uterus to the outside world
