chapter 9 Testbank

Question 1

According to Chargaff's rule, if the DNA of a species contains 20% adenine, what percent of guanine will it contain?
A. 30% 
B. 75%
C. 20%
D. 50%

Answer 1

A. 30% Correct
B. 75%
C. 20%
D. 50%

Question 2

Which statement is FALSE about RNA structure from the list below?

a. An RNA molecule can form double-stranded regions by forming hydrogen bonds between complementary bases
b. RNA has polarity, which means it has a 5’ end and a 3’ end on its single polynucleotide strand
c. RNA is a single strand of nucleotides covalently attached together with phosphodiester bonds.
d. RNA is composed of nucleotides that have a ribose sugar, a phosphate group and one of these bases: A, U, C or G.
e. If none of the other statements in this question are FALSE, which means all the statements provided are TRUE, then choose this response

Answer 2

a. If none of the other statements in this question are FALSE, which means all the statements provided are TRUE, then choose this response

Question 3

All living organisms use DNA as the genetic material.
A)True
B)False

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Chargaff and colleagues measured the amount of adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine in the DNA of numerous organisms. Knowing what you do about the structure of DNA, which of the following statements is TRUE about his findings?

a. the amount of adenine is always greater than the amount of thymine
b. the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of thymine
c. the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of uracil
d. the amount of adenine is equal to the amount of guanine
e. the amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine

Answer 4

e. the amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine

Question 5

What is a characteristic of T2 bacteriophage?

A. The new phages are formed outside the host cell
B. The phage attaches to the cell wall of a target eukaryotic cell
C. It does not require a host cell for replication
D. The phages injects its DNA into the host cell

Answer 5

D. The phages injects its DNA into the host cell

Question 6

The building blocks of DNA are called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. nucleotides 
B. alleles
C. codons
D. amino acids

Answer 6

A. nucleotides

Question 7

How does DNA differ from RNA?

A. RNA has a contains different sized phosphate groups
B. RNA uses a different five-carbon sugar
C. RNA uses only purines
D. RNA has multiple bases attached to the sugar

Answer 7

B. RNA uses a different five-carbon sugar

Question 8

A DNA strand can be described as antiparallel but not complementary.
Select one:
True
False

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Which of the following could be the components of a single nucleotide found in DNA?

Select one:

a. deoxyribose, adenine and thymine
b. ribose, phosphate, and cytosine
c. deoxyribose, phosphate, and thymine
d. ribose, phosphate, and uracil

Answer 9

a. deoxyribose, phosphate, and thymine

Question 10

What is a component of a single nucleotide?

Select one:
A. All five nitrogenous bases
B. A six carbon sugar
C. A phosphate group

Answer 10

C. A phosphate group

Question 11

What was the conclusion of the Hershey-Chase experiments?

Select one:
A. Their results suggested that DNA is a double helix
B. Their results suggested that A+G=T+C
C. Their results suggested that the DNA is the genetic material
D. Their results suggested the presence of a transforming principle.

Answer 11

C. Their results suggested that the DNA is the genetic material

Question 12

What is the directionality of the DNA molecule?

Select one:
A. front to back
B. top to bottom
C. 3' to 5'
D. 5' to 3'
E. all DNA molecules are different in their directionality

Answer 12

D. 5’ to 3’ Correct

Question 13

Adenine and thymine form ________ hydrogen bonds between them, while cytosine and guanine form ________ bonds.

Select one:
A. 2 , 3
B. 3 , 2
C. 4 , 3
D. 3 , 4

Answer 13

A. 2 , 3 Correct

Question 14

A key difference between the nucleotides found in DNA versus RNA is that…

Select one or more:

a. DNA has adenine, but RNA has guanine
b. DNA has deoxyribose, but RNA has ribose
c. DNA has phosphate, but RNA does not.
d. DNA has thymine but RNA has uracil
e. DNA has uracil but RNA has thymine

Answer 14

b. DNA has deoxyribose, but RNA has ribose

d. DNA has thymine but RNA has uracil

Question 15

The ________ was labeled using the radioisotope 32P in the Hershey-Chase experiments.

Select one:
A. RNA
B. protein
C. carbohydrates
D. DNA

Answer 15

D. DNA

Question 16

Bacteriophage are viruses that infect bacteria to convert the bacterial cell into a “virus-producing factory”; phage are very selective in the cells they infect; the end result of the infection is the death of the host cell. If this entire statement is TRUE, then choose the TRUE response.

Select one:
True
False

Answer 16

True

Question 17

If one strand of DNA is 5’ - AGGCCTTA - 3’, then what is the opposite strand?

Select one:

a. 3’–AGGCCTTA–5’
b. 5’–TCCGGAAT–3’
c. 5’–AGGCCTTA–3’
d. 3’–TCCGGAAT–5’

Answer 17

d. 3’–TCCGGAAT–5’

Question 18

For a molecule to be the genetic material, it must meet 4 criteria. Which of the following set of words lists those 4 criteria?

Select one:

a. None of the above is an accurate list
b. carry information, variable, divide by mitosis, accurately copied
c. Variable, replicate, transmit, carry information
d. Nonvariable, carry information, replicate, transmit
e. variable, replicate, composed of DNA, divide by mitosis

Answer 18

c. Variable, replicate, transmit, carry information

Question 19

The backbone of the DNA molecule is formed by ________.

Select one:
A. nitrogenous bases
B. phosphodiester bonds
C. ribose sugars
D. peptide bonds

Answer 19

B. phosphodiester bonds

Question 20

The fact that the helixes of the DNA strand are arranged in opposite directions gives DNA its ________ characteristics.

Select one:
A. antiparallel
B. water-soluble
C. redundant
D. complementary

Answer 20

A. antiparallel

Question 21

In a double-helix DNA strand, the adenine on one strand forms a hydrogen bond with a(n) ________ on the other strand.

Select one:
A. cytosine
B. thymine
C. guanine
D. adenine

Answer 21

B. thymine

Question 22

In the Hershey-Chase experiments, the protein coat of the bacteriophage was labeled with the 32P radioisotope.

Select one:
True
False

Answer 22

False

Question 23

The pyrimidine bases are ________.

Select one:
A. adenine and thymine
B. adenine and guanine
C. cytosine and guanine
D. cytosine, thymine, and uracil

Answer 23

D. cytosine, thymine, and uracil

Question 24

Which of the following is a TRUE statement as it applies to the similarities and differences between viruses, prokaryotes and eukaryotes? Choose all that are TRUE statements.

Select one or more:

a. All viruses, prokaryotes and eukaryotes have DNA as their genetic material
b. Viruses need a host cell to reproduce, but most prokaryotes and eukaryotes can reproduce autonomously (aka don’t need to infect a host cell).
c. Viruses and prokaryotes are susceptible to antibiotics but eukaryotes are not.
d. Viruses, prokaryotes and eukaryotes are all composed of cells.
e. Viruses and eukaryotes have a nucleus but prokaryotes do not.
f. While viruses are quite diverse, the typical prokaryote as a single circular DNA molecule/cell and eukaryotes possess multiple linear chromosomes.

Answer 24

b. Viruses need a host cell to reproduce, but most prokaryotes and eukaryotes can reproduce autonomously (aka don’t need to infect a host cell).
f. While viruses are quite diverse, the typical prokaryote as a single circular DNA molecule/cell and eukaryotes possess multiple linear chromosomes.

Question 25

``` Which base is not found in DNA? Select one: A. Adenine B. Cytosine C. Uracil D. Guanine E. Thymidine ```

Answer 25

C. Uracil

Question 26

The term genome describes all the DNA sequence and chromosomes that an organism or species can possesses. Select one: True False

Answer 26

True

Question 27

In the Hershey and Chase experiment involving the T2 phage, after the blender treatment and centrifugation Select one: a. most of the 32P was in the supernatant and most of the 35S was in the pellet b. most of the 35S was in the supernatant and most of the P32 was in the pellet c. equal amounts of 32P and 35S were in the supernatant and pellet d. None of the above was observed

Answer 27

b. most of the 35S was in the supernatant and most of the P32 was in the pellet

Question 28

The following are all components of the different nucleotides in DNA: A. Deoxyribose B. Pyrimidine base C. Phosphate group (PO4) D. Sulfur group (SO4) E. Purine base Select one: True False

Answer 28

False

Question 29

Which of the following are TRUE of the structure of DNA? Choose all that apply. Select one or more: a. composed of nucleotides covalently bonded together by peptide bonds b. composed of bases bonded together by hydrogen bonds (2 hydrogen bonds between A and T; 3 hydrogen bonds between G and C) c. composed of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine d. composed of two complementary polynucleotide strands e. composed of two parallel polynucleotide strands

Answer 29

c. composed of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine and b. composed of bases bonded together by hydrogen bonds (2 hydrogen bonds between A and T; 3 hydrogen bonds between G and C) d. composed of two complementary polynucleotide strands

Question 30

A purine on one strand of the DNA is always paired with a pyrimidine on the other strand. Select one: True False

Answer 30

True

Question 31

In Lecture 1 we analyzed an image that illustrated some similarities and differences between the DNA of prokaryotes and the DNA of eukaryotes. Which of the following statements is/are TRUE? 1. Prokaryotes have a nucleus. 2. The chromosomes of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes are linear, which mean each chromosome has two ends. 3. The DNA of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes can be described as a double-stranded helix. 4. The chromosomes of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes are in direct contact with the cytoplasm. 5. The DNA of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes is packaged with histones to reduce their surface area inside the cell. Select one: a. All the statements provided in the question are TRUE. b. None of the statements provided in the question are TRUE. All are FALSE. c. Statements 3 and 4 are TRUE, but the others are FALSE. d. Statements 2, 3 and 5 are TRUE, but Statements 1 and 4 are FALSE. e. Statement 3 is the only TRUE statement.

Answer 31

e. Statement 3 is the only TRUE statement.

Question 32

One strand of DNA is 5' - AGGCCTTA - 3'. What is the opposite strand? ``` Select one: A. 3'–AGGCCTTA–5' B. 5'–AGGCCTTA–3' C. 3'–TCCGGAAT–5' D. 5'–TCCGGAAT–3' ```

Answer 32

3'–TCCGGAAT–5'