Chapter 9 Vocab

Question 1

Asexual reproduction

Answer 1

•offspring are clones/identical to the parent cell

Question 2

Cancer

Answer 2

•uncontrollable growth and division of cells

Question 3

Cell cycle

Answer 3

• 5 stages
• prevents the cell from becoming too large
• allows for growth and heals certain injuries

Question 4

Centromere

Answer 4

•cell structure that joins 2 sister chromatids

Question 5

Chromosome

Answer 5

•packaged and organized, consisting of DNA, protein and RNA

Question 6

Crossing over

Answer 6

• non-sister chromatids exchange pieces of genetic material

* provides 4 different chromosomes

Question 7

Cyntokinesis

Answer 7

•final step of the cycle where the cells cytoplasm divides into 2 new cells

Question 8

Diploid

Answer 8

• having 2 copies of each chromosome

Question 9

Gamete

Answer 9

• haploid sex cell

* combines with another gamete to produce fertilized diploid cell

Question 10

Haploid

Answer 10

•cell with half the number of chromosomes as a diploid

Question 11

Interphase

Answer 11

•1st stage of the cell cycle in which a cell grows, matures, and replicates its DNA

Question 12

Meiosis

Answer 12

• reduction division process

* occurs in the reproductive cells

Question 13

Metaphase (middle)

Answer 13

• sister chromatids line up in the middle of the cell

* 2nd stage in mitosis

Question 14

Mitosis

Answer 14

•DNA gets copied correctly and equally divided

Question 15

Prophase (pre)

Answer 15

• nuclear envelope seems to disappear

* 1st stage in mitosis

Question 16

Sexual reproduction

Answer 16

•production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types

Question 17

Sister chromatids

Answer 17

•structure that contains identical DNA copies and his form during DNA replication

Question 18

Telophase

Answer 18

• 2 new nuclear membranes begin to form around the DNA

* last stage of mitosis

Question 19

Zygote

Answer 19

• fertilized diploid that results in a baby

Question 20

Anaphase

Answer 20

• Sister chromatids separate

* chromosomes move toward the poles of the cell