Chapter 9.1 Flashcards
(14 cards)
What is matter made up of?
Matter is made up of atoms and molecules, which may only be seen by a electron microscope.
What does the kinetic molecular theory of matter state?
The kinetic molecular theory of matter has 3 basic assumptions.
What is the first assumption of the kinetic molecular theory?
Matter is made up of tiny particles (atoms, molecules, ions).
What is the second assumption of the kinetic molecular theory?
The molecules are in constant motion (vibration, rotation, translation).
What is the third assumption of the kinetic molecular theory?
Heavier particles move more slowly than the lighter ones at a given temperature.
How does temperature affect molecular motion?
The motion of the molecules increases as they gain kinetic energy, which is proportional to the temperature of the matter.
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, Liquid, Gas
What are the properties of solids?
Molecules are closely packed with strong intermolecular attraction. They vibrate forward and backward in a fixed position. Intermolecular space is minimal. Solids have a definite shape and volume and are not compressible.
What are the properties of liquids?
Molecules are slightly apart with less intermolecular attraction. They vibrate forward and backward and move more rapidly over a short distance. There is more intermolecular space. Liquids have no definite shape but have a definite volume and are not compressible.
How do molecules behave at very high temperature?
Molecules can move more freely with very high speed.
What does ‘Brownian motion’ refer to?
Small particles in air or liquid move randomly because they are constantly hit by fast moving molecules of their surroundings ( air or liquid ).
What is the main difference between boiling and evaporation?
Boiling happens at a fixed temperature, bubbles occurs, happen in liquid.
Evaporation happens at any temperature, no bubbles, happen on the surface
Properties of gas?
Compressible, not defined volume and shape, molecules are much far apart, no intermolecular attraction, molecules can move freely with very high speed, a lot of intermolecular spaces.
What is the first rule for kinetic molecular theory of matter?
Matter is made up of tiny particles, which are atoms, molecules, ions.
