Chapter 9.3 Mitosis and Meiosis

Question 1

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Two divisions happen

Answer 1

Meiosis

Question 2

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Four daughter cells are produced

Answer 2

Meiosis

Question 3

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Associated with growth and asexual reproduction

Answer 3

Mitosis

Question 4

Mitosis or Meiosis?

One division only

Answer 4

Mitosis

Question 5

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Crossing over between homologous chromosomes may occur

Answer 5

Meiosis

Question 6

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Daughter cells are identical to parent cell

Answer 6

Mitosis

Question 7

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Produces gametes

Answer 7

Meiosis

Question 8

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Produces haploid

Answer 8

Meiosis

Question 9

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Produces cells with two sets of chromosomes

Answer 9

Mitosis

Question 10

Mitosis or Meiosis?

Produces cells with one set of chromosomes

Answer 10

Meiosis

Question 11

Mitosis or Meiosis

Produces diploid

Answer 11

Mitosis

Question 12

Mitosis or Meiosis

Produces egg or sperm cell

Answer 12

Meiosis

Question 13

Mitosis or Meiosis

In humans, produces cells with 23 chromosomes

Answer 13

Meiosis

Question 14

Mitosis or Meiosis

In humans, produces cells with 46 chromosomes

Answer 14

Mitosis

Question 15

Mitosis or Meiosis

Tetrads are visible

Answer 15

Meiosis

Question 16

These structures are protein fibers that extend from the chromosomes at the centromere

Answer 16

Kinetochore

Question 17

These structures are responsible for elongating the cell during Anaphase.

Answer 17

Non-kinetochore microtubules

Question 18

What are 3 mechanisms that contribute to genetic variation?

Answer 18

Crossing over
Independent Assortment
Random fertilization

Question 19

What are the phases of Mitosis?

Answer 19

(IPPMAT) 
Interphase
Prophase 
Prometaphase 
Metaphase 
Anaphase 
Telophase

Question 20

What are the phases of Meiosis?

Answer 20

Interphase
Prophase 1
Metaphase 1
Anaphase 1
Telophase and Cytokinesis 1
Prophase 2
Metaphase 2
Anaphase 2 
Telophase and Cytokinesis 2

Question 21

What are the checkpoints in the cell cycle?

Answer 21

G1, G0, G2, M phase

Question 22

What is the most important checkpoint?

Answer 22

G1 because if it receives the go ahead it will usually complete S, G2, M and divide

Question 23

Metastasis

Answer 23

The spread of cancer via the circulatory system

Question 24

What are hereditary units?

Answer 24

Genes

Question 25

What is a fertilized egg called?

Answer 25

Zygote

Question 26

Union of gametes

Answer 26

Fertilization

Question 27

A cell that contains a single chromosome set

Answer 27

Haploid

Question 28

What is a somatic cell

Answer 28

A body cell

Question 29

What cell division produces gametes?

Answer 29

Meiosis

Question 30

Karyotype

Answer 30

A micrograph of an ordered display of an individuals chromosomes (usually shown in labs)

Question 31

Sex chromosomes are:

Answer 31

X and Y chromosomes

Question 32

``` Which mitotic phase does this occur at? Nucleoli disappear Chromosomes are sister chromatids now Nucleolus disappears Centrosomes move to opposite sides ```

Answer 32

Prophase

Question 33

Which mitotic phase does this occur at? DNA is chromatin Nuclear envelope and nucleolus are intact No spindle formed

Answer 33

Interphase

Question 34

Which mitotic phase does this occur at? Nuclear envelope is completely gone Mitotic spindle extends out Chromosomes now have kinetochores at centromeres

Answer 34

Prometaphase

Question 35

Which mitotic phase does this occur at? Mitotic spindle fully formed Chromosomes line up along plate Kinetochore microtubules attach to centromeres of chromosomes

Answer 35

Metaphase

Question 36

Which mitotic phase does this occur at? Sister chromatids move away and split Now theres 8 chromosomes NON kinetochores push apart to extend cell

Answer 36

Anaphase

Question 37

``` Which mitotic phase does this occur at? 2 nuclei form Cell begins to have cleavage Nuclear envelope and Nucleolus appears Chromosomes decondense into chromatin again Mitosis is complete ```

Answer 37

Telophase

Question 38

What is synapsis?

Answer 38

In Meiosis when homologous chromosomes wrap around each other

Question 39

What is a tetrad?

Answer 39

Pairs of homologous chromosomes

Question 40

``` Which Meiosis phase does this occur at? Chromatin present Nucleolus and Nucleus intact Centromeres duplicated but not separated DNA synthesis occurs ```

Answer 40

Interphase

Question 41

Which Meiosis phase does this occur at? Synapsis occurs Crossing over occurs Spindle forms

Answer 41

Prophase 1

Question 42

Which Meiosis phase does this occur at? | Tetrads line up along metaphase plate

Answer 42

Metaphase 1

Question 43

Which Meiosis phase does this occur at? | Pairs of homologous chromosomes begin to separate

Answer 43

Anaphase 1

Question 44

Which Meiosis phase does this occur at? 2 haploid cells form Chromosomes are still double but sister chromatids are not identical

Answer 44

Telophase 1 and cytokinesis

Question 45

Which Meiosis phase does this occur at? Chromosomes consist of 2 sister chromatids that are not identical Spindle forms

Answer 45

Prophase 2

Question 46

Which Meiosis phase does this occur at? | Chromosomes line up again at the metaphase plate

Answer 46

Metaphase 2

Question 47

Which Meiosis phase does this occur at? | Sister chromatids separate and travel to poles of cell

Answer 47

Anaphase 2

Question 48

``` Which Meiosis phase does this occur at? Nuclei form Cytokinesis occurs Result is 4 haploid daughter cells Each cll is unique and unalike from one another an parent ```

Answer 48

Telophase and Cytokinesis 2