Chapter B8- Photosynthesis Flashcards

1
Q

How do plans make their food?

A

Photosynthesis

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2
Q

What is the equation do photosynthesis?

A

Cabin dioxide+water

———>
Light
———>

Glucose+oxygen

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3
Q

What is the energy transfer in photosynthesis?

A

From the environment to the chloroplasts by light

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4
Q

How is the energy transferred for photosynthesis?

A

Carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil is made into a simple sugar called glucose, with a by product of oxygen

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5
Q

What kind of reaction is photosynthesis?

A

Endothermic

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6
Q

How is glucose used in the plant?

A

Used for respiration

Stored

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7
Q

How are leaves adapted for photosynthesis?

A

Most leaves area broad- this gives them a big surface area
Most leaves are thin- diffusion distance is short
They contain chlorophyll to absorb light
They have veins-bring water in the xylem cells and remove products of photosynthesis in the phloem
Have air spaces that allow gas exchange
Have guard cells that regulate gas exchange

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8
Q

How are algae specialised for photosynthesis?

A

Large surface area

Absorb carbon dioxide dissolved in water around them

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9
Q

What are the limiting factors of photosynthesis?

A

Light
Temperature
Carbon dioxide concentration

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10
Q

Why is light a limiting factor of photosynthesis?

A

Without enough light, a plant cannot photosynthesise very quickly, even if there is plenty of water and carbon dioxide

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11
Q

What does increasing light intensity do to photosynthesis?

A

Boost the speed of photosynthesis until the rate is slowed by another factor

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12
Q

Why is carbon dioxide concentration a limiting factor for photosynthesis?

A

Even with light and heat, a plant cannot photosynthesise without carbon dioxide

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13
Q

What effect does a high concentration of carbon dioxide have on photosynthesis?

A

Boosts the speed of photosynthesis until the rate is lower by another factor

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14
Q

Why is temperature concentration a limiting factor of photosynthesis?

A

Plants cannot photosynthesis if it is too cold as their enzyme activity will be too low- if it is too hot, the enzymes will denature

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15
Q

Explain the graphs of all three limiting factors of photosynthesis

A

Temperature- up as enzyme activity increases then down when the enzyme denatures

Carbon dioxide- goes up until it reaches a constant as photosynthesis is limited by another factor

Light intensity- goes up until it reaches a constant as photosynthesis is limited by another factor

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16
Q

How do plants use glucose?

A

Turn it into cellulose which provides strength for the cell walls
They also convert it to starch, which is an energy store that is insoluble in water
To make amino acids
To make lipids

17
Q

How do some plants adapt to live in nitrate poor soil?

A

Become carnivorous plants that feed off of nutrients from the animals or insects they catch

18
Q

How are lipids used in plants?

A

Used as an energy store

Used in cell walls to make them stronger

19
Q

Why are greenhouses useful?

A

The atmosphere on the inside is warmer than on the outside- provides more light for photosynthesis
Protects the plant from harsh weather like wind and snow
Has a window which opens when the temperature gets to a certain temperature, to ensure the enzymes don’t denature
Soil and water has added minerals
Heater in which paraffin can be burnt- this keeps plants at optimum temperature and produces carbon dioxide