Chapter Eight

Question 1

in favor

prepositional phrase

Answer 1

в пользу, в угоду

If someone or something is in favor, people like or support it. If they are out of favor, people no
longer like or support them.

She’s very much in favor with the management at the moment.

Question 2

applause

noun, [əˈplɔːz]

applaud, applauded

Answer 2

аплодисменты, рукоплескания, овация, рукоплескание

cheers, hand, ovation, round, cheering, clapping, rooting

Applause is the noise made by a group of people clapping their hands to show approval.

They greeted him with thunderous applause.

Question 3

constitution

noun

constitutions

Answer 3

Конституция, Устав, основной закон

The constitution of a country or organization is the system of laws which formally states people’s
rights and duties.

The Constitution of the United States was written in 1776.

Question 4

cope

verb

copes, coping, coped

Answer 4

справляться, справиться, совладать, управляться, бороться, сладить

deal with, overcome

If you cope with a problem or a task, you deal with it successfully.

It was amazing how my mother coped with raising three children on less than fifteen dollars a week.

Question 5

deal with

verb phrase

Answer 5

1. иметь дело, заниматься
2. рассматривать, трактовать
3. handle, play, serve, take, use
4. treat, consider

When you deal with something or someone that needs attention, you give your attention to them, and often solve a problem or make a decision concerning them.

The president said the agreement would allow other vital problems to be dealt with.

Question 6

vital

adjective

vitally, vitality, vitalize, vitalized

Answer 6

жизненно необходимый, жизненно важный, существенный, важный, живой, крайне необходимый, очень важный

essential, cardinal, constitutive, fundamental

If you say that something is vital, you mean that it is necessary or very important.

The port is vital to supply relief to millions of drought victims.

Question 7

pupil

noun, [pjuːpl]

pupils

Answer 7

ученик, воспитанник, школьник, ученица, воспитанница

students

The pupils of a school are the children who go to it.
I teach private pupils on Wednesday.

Question 8

standardize

verb, [ˈstændədaɪz]

standard, standardizes, standardizing, standardized

Answer 8

стандартизировать, нормировать

To standardize things means to change them so that they all have the same features

He feels standardized education does not benefit those children who are either below or above
average.

Question 9

concrete

adjective, [ˈkɒŋkriːt]

Answer 9

конкретный, реальный, определенный

You use concrete to indicate that something is definite and specific.

There were no concrete proposals on the table.

Question 10

incentive

noun

incentives

Answer 10

стимул, побудитель, мотивация

stimulus, catalyst, goad, impetus, impulse, incitement, motivation, spur, stimulant

If something is an incentive to do something, it encourages you to do it.

There is little or no incentive to adopt such measures.