Chapter Fifteen Flashcards
(19 cards)
Development
Change directed toward improving human welfare
Poverty
Lack of access to tangible or intangible resources that contribute to life and the well-being of a person, group, country, or region
Micro-Credit Loan
A small cash loan made to low-income people to support an income-generating activity
Invention
The discovery of something new
Diffusion
The spread of culture through contact
Acculturation
A form of cultural change in which a minority culture becomes more like the dominant culture
Assimilation
A form of cultural change in which a culture is thoroughly acculturated, or decultured, and is no longer distinguishable as having a separate identity
Modernization
A model of change based on belief in the inevitable advance of science and Western secularism and processes, including industrial growth, consolidationi of the state, bureaucratization, a market economy, technological innovation, literacy, and options for social mobility
Social Impact Assessment
A study conducted to predict the potential social costs and benefits of particulaar innovations before change is undertaken
Social Capital
The intangible resources existing in social ties, trust, and cooperation
Development Project
A set of activities designed to put development policies into action
Project Cycle
The steps of a development project from initial planning to completion: project identification, project design, project appraisal, project implementation, and project evaluation
Cultural Fit
A characteristic of informed and effective project design in which planners take local culture into account
Traditional Development Anthropology
An approach to international development in which the anthropologist accepts the role of helping to make development work better by providing cultural information to planners
Critical Development Anthropology
An approach to international development in which the anthropologist takes a cirtical-thinking role and asks why ad to whose beenfit particular development policies and programs are pursued
Male Bias in Development
The design and implementation of development projects with men as beneficiaries and without regard to the impact of the projects on women’s roles and status
Development Aggression
The imposition of development projects and policies without the free, prior, and informed consent of the affected people
Life Project
Local people’s definition of the direction they want to take in life, informed by their knowledge, history, and context
Extractive Industry
A business that explores for, removes, processes, and sells minerals, oil, and gas that are found on or beneath the earth’s surface and are nonrenewable.
