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World History Unit 1 > Chapter Four > Flashcards

Chapter Four Flashcards

1
Q

Sea captain who sailed the Atlantic in 1492

A

Christopher Columbus

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2
Q

Lands that are controlled by another nation

A

Colonies

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3
Q

Spaniard who landed in Mexico and conquered the Aztecs

A

Hernando Cortés

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4
Q

Spanish Conquerors

A

Conquistadors

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5
Q

The Aztec leader

A

Montezuma II

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6
Q

Conquistador who conquered the incas

A

Francisco Pizarro

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7
Q

Mixed Spanish and Native American

A

Mestizo

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8
Q

System where natives ranched, farmed, or mined for Spanish landlords

A

Encomienda

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9
Q

Claimed region of Quebec that became the base of France’s colonial empire known as…

A

New France

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10
Q

English settlement in 1607 that was a disaster

A

Jamestown

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11
Q

A group of people who, in 1620, founded the colony of Plymouth in Massachusetts to escape religious persecution in England

A

Pilgrims

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12
Q

A group of people who sought freedom from religious persecution in England by founding a colony at Massachusetts bay in the early 1600s

A

Puritans

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13
Q

The Dutch holdings in North America

A

New Netherland

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14
Q

The dispute over land claims in the Ohio Valley which led to war between British and French

A

French and Indian War

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15
Q

The Native American ruler, also known as king Phillip

A

Metacom

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16
Q

The buying and selling of Africans for work in America

A

Atlantic Slave trade

17
Q

Trade route network that linked Europe, Africa, and the Americas

A

Triangular Trade

18
Q

The voyage that brought captured Africans to the West Indies was known as…

A

Middle passage

19
Q

The global transfer of food, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas

A

Colombian exchange

20
Q

The expansion of trade and business that transformed European economies during the 16th and 17th centuries

A

Commercial Revolution

21
Q

Economic system based on private ownership and the investment of wealth for profit

A

Capitalism

22
Q

Company that involved a number of people pooling their wealth for a common purpose

A

Joint-stock committee

23
Q

A country’s power depended mainly on its wealth

A

Mercantilism

24
Q

When you sell more goods than you bought

A

Favorable balance of trade

25
Q

Why did Columbus set sail on the Atlantic?

A

To find an alternate trade route to Asia

26
Q

List three goals of the Spanish in the Americas

A
  1. the desire to attain great amounts of riches
  2. to establish claims on as much land as possible
  3. to colonize as much land as possibleg

God gold and glory

27
Q

Why did the Popé lead a rebellion against the spanish?

A

the Spanish were oppressing and abusing the natives.

28
Q

What did the Europeans mostly grow in their Caribbean colonies?

A

Sugar, tobacco plants

29
Q

What was the result of the French and Indian war?

A

French surrendered most of their land, British seized control of nearly the entire eastern half of North America

30
Q

What factors led European colonists to use Africans to resupply their labor force?

A

African pre exposer to European diseases, the new land would be unfamiliar, and they could’t blend in with others if they escaped.

31
Q

Describe the conditions on board a Slave ship.

A

Africans were packed into the dark holds. Victims to whippings, beatings, and diseases. Captives lived with their vomit and wastes

32
Q

Name several way in which enslaved Africans resisted their position in the Americas.

A

working as slow as possible
breaking their tools
uprooting plants

33
Q

Why was the introduction of corn and potatoes to Europe and Asia so significant?

A

The vitamins and minerals increased the lifespan of the world’s population

34
Q

Explain the economic policy of mercantilism.

A

to gain as much wealth as possible

World History Unit 1 (5 decks)

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