Chapter Four ( Policing )

Question 1

What are the four levels of policing

Answer 1

1. Federal
2. Provincial
3. Municipal
4. First Nations police

Question 2

What is an example of Federal police

Answer 2

RCMP

Question 3

What is an example of Provincial police

Answer 3

OPP

Question 4

What is an example of Municipal police

Answer 4

OPS

Question 5

What is an example of First Nations police

Answer 5

tyendinaga mohawk police

Question 6

What are the five functions or roles of the police

Answer 6

1. crime prevention
2. law enforcement
3. order maintenance
4. emergency response
5. assistance to victims

Question 7

What is the rate of police to civilians

Answer 7

2 officers to every 1000 Canadians

Question 8

Does having more police on the streets reduce crime

Answer 8

no, since most crimes happen behind closed doors

Question 9

Other than arrest, what are the two ways an accused can be compelled to appear in court

Answer 9

1. appearance notice
2. summons

Question 10

What is an appearance notice

Answer 10

official notice requiring individuals to appear in court at a specific time and location to respond to their criminal charges, given before they’ve been charged

Question 11

What is a summons

Answer 11

official notice requiring individuals to appear in court at a specific time and location to respond to criminal charges, given after they’ve been charged

Question 12

What happens if the person does not appear in court

Answer 12

there is a warrant for their arrest, could be charged with failure to appear in court

Question 13

where would one find our legal rights upon arrest

Answer 13

in the charter or rights and freedoms that was enacted in 1982, sections 7-14

Question 14

what is required of you upon arrest

Answer 14

personal information (name, address, date of birth)

Question 15

What is habeas corpus

Answer 15

right to see a judge in 24 hours once you are arrested. this is used by persons who feel they are being wrongfully detained

Question 16

What is section 7

Answer 16

right to life, liberty, and security of the person
right to remain silent

Question 17

What is section 8

Answer 17

everyone has the right to be secure against unreasonable search and seizure

Question 18

what is section 9

Answer 18

everyone has the right to not be arbitrarily detained or imprisoned

Question 19

What is section 10

Answer 19

1. informed of the reason of arrest
2. right to an attorney
3. to have the validity of the detention determined by habeas corpus

Question 20

What is section 11

Answer 20

1. presumed innocent until proven guilty
2. tried within a reasonable time
3. right to be informed of the specific offence

Question 21

what is police discretion

Answer 21

when an officer uses their own judgement in the moment

Question 22

what are examples of this

Answer 22

Many

Question 23

what factors influence their use of discretion

Answer 23

• criminal record
• race
• demeanour
• more lenient with youth
• seriousness of the offence

Question 24

what are the concerns with police discretion

Answer 24

incorrect advocacy of the law
discrimination

Question 25

why is discretion important

Answer 25

- allows for flexibility -allows for quick decisions

Question 26

can an officer look through someones garbage

Answer 26

yes, once the garbage has been thrown out, it is considered abandoned property

Question 27

can an officer search a persons car during a routine stop

Answer 27

they can look at what is visible, but no they cannot search your trunk or anything without a warrant or your consent

Question 28

does an officer need a warrant to enter your home

Answer 28

most people will let you in, they can enter without a warrant if they have probable cause, or child endangerment

Question 29

if the police have a warrant for your phone, do you need to give them your passwords

Answer 29

no, but they will have their own ways of getting into it

Question 30

who is the first responder to a mental health crisis

Answer 30

police

Question 31

should they be the first responders

Answer 31

they are becoming the street corner psychiatrist, so no

Question 32

what are the 5 ways a person with a mental illness comes to the attention of the police

Answer 32

1. a stranger reports it to the police 2. concerned person who knows the other (family, friends) 3. police will come across the individual 4. the individual themselves calls the police 5. professional is by law required to call the police

Question 33

can someone who is eperiencing mental health issues be involuntarily brought to the hospital by the police

Answer 33

no unless section 17 of the mental health act when an officer must have reasonable grounds to believe that the person is threatening others, harming themselves, showing a lack of compeence to care for themselves