Chapter Nine - Gastrointestinal System

Question 1

Peristalsis

Answer 1

Muscle contractions that propel food during the digestive process

Question 2

Duodenum

Answer 2

First section of a small intestine, receives digested material from the stomach

Question 3

Bile

Answer 3

Substance secreted by the liver and necessary for fat digestion

Question 4

Stomatits

Answer 4

Inflammation of the lining of the mouth often caused by bacteria or fungi

Question 5

Dysphagia

Answer 5

Difficult swallowing

Question 6

Reflux

Answer 6

Back-flow of acid contents of the stomach causing inflammation of the esophagus

Question 7

Hiatal Hernia

Answer 7

Protrusion of part of the stomach through the diaphragm at the point where the esophagus joins the stomach

Question 8

Gastritis

Answer 8

Inflammation of the stomach caused by irritants

Question 9

Peptic Ulcers

Answer 9

Ulcers of the stomach and small intestine due to pepsin, a proteolytic enzyme secreted by the stomach

Question 10

Helicobacter Pylori

Answer 10

Bacterium associated with ulcers

Question 11

Hematemesis

Answer 11

Vomitting of blood

Question 12

Gangrene

Answer 12

Condidtion in which bacteria infects and destroys dead tissue

Question 13

Regional Enteritis (Crohn’s Disease)

Answer 13

Inflammatory disease of the intestine that most frequently affects young adults

Question 14

Anorexia

Answer 14

Aversion of food leads to emaciation and malnnutrition

Question 15

Chronic Ulcerative Colitis

Answer 15

Serious inflammation of the colon, unknown origin

Question 16

Colostomy

Answer 16

Artificial opening in the abdominal wall with a segment of the large intestine attached

Question 17

Flatus

Answer 17

Intestinal gas

Question 18

Spastic Colon (IBS)

Answer 18

Functional condition of the colon with diarrhea and cramping

Question 19

Dysentery

Answer 19

An acute inflammation of the colon, a colitis

Question 20

Hemorrhoids

Answer 20

varicose veins of the rectum or anus

Question 21

Melena

Answer 21

Stool with a dark tarry appearance caused by blood from the upper part of the digestive tract

Question 22

Occult Blood

Answer 22

Blood detected in stool by means of a chemical test

Question 23

Feces

Answer 23

Stool/solid waste

Question 24

Jaundice

Answer 24

Yellow-orange discoloration of the skin, tissues, and whites of the eyes

Question 25

Hepatitis A

Answer 25

Caused by infected food/water, a virus

Question 26

Hepatitis B

Answer 26

Transmitted through blood and STDs, a virus

Question 27

Hepatitis C

Answer 27

Transmitted through blood and STDs

Question 28

Cholecystitis

Answer 28

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Question 29

Cirrhosis

Answer 29

Chronic destruction of liver cells and tissues with a nodular, bumpy, regeneration

Question 30

Pancreatitis

Answer 30

Potentially life threatening inflammation of the pancreas