chapter one

Question 1

The relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole

Answer 1

scale

Question 2

The physical gap or interval between two objects

Answer 2

space

Question 3

The relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space.

Answer 3

connection

Question 4

A specific point on Earth, distinguished by a particular characteristic

Answer 4

place

Question 5

An area distinguished by one or more distinctive characteristics.

Answer 5

region

Question 6

Description of the position of a place in a way that never changes, such as geographic coordinates of latitude and longitude.

Answer 6

absolute location

Question 7

The process of changes in culture that result from the meeting of two groups, each of which retains distinct cultural features

Answer 7

acculturation

Question 8

The process by which a group’s cultural features are altered to resemble those of another group

Answer 8

assimilation

Question 9

An approach to human geography that emphasizes the importance of understanding the psychological basis for individual human actions in space

Answer 9

behavioral geography

Question 9

The extent of a feature’s spread over a given area

Answer 9

concentration

Question 10

A map in which the projection and scale are distorted in order to convey the information of a variable

Answer 10

cartogram

Question 11

A map in which areas are shaded or patterned in proportion to the measurement of the variable

Answer 11

choropleth map

Question 12

The rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population

Answer 12

contagious diffusion

Question 13

A geographic approach that emphasizes human-environment relationships

Answer 13

cultural ecology

Question 14

The body of customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms that together constitutes the distinct tradition of a group of people

Answer 14

culture

Question 15

combination of cultural, economic, and physical features

Answer 15

cultural landscape

Question 16

The frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area

Answer 16

density

Question 17

The process by which a feature spreads from one place to another over time

Answer 17

diffusion

Question 18

The diminished importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin

Answer 18

distance decay

Question 19

The arrangement of something across Earth’s surface

Answer 19

distribution

Question 20

A map that depicts data that consists of discrete observations. Each dot represents a predetermined number of observations, which could be one or many

Answer 20

dot distribution map

Question 21

physical environment caused human activities/social development

Answer 21

environmental determinism

Question 22

physical environment may limit human actions, but humans have the ability to adjust to their environments

Answer 22

possibilism

Question 23

The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in an additive process

Answer 23

expansion diffusion

Question 24

An region in which most people share in one or more distinctive characteristics

Answer 24

formal/uniform region

Question 25

An area organized around a node or focal point

Answer 25

functional/nodal region

Question 26

A computer system that captures, stores, queries, and displays geographic data

Answer 26

geographic information system

Question 26

Analysis of data about Earth acquired through satellite and other electronic information technologies

Answer 26

geographic information science (GIScience)

Question 27

Identification and storage of a piece of information by its precise latitude and longitude coordinates

Answer 27

geotagging

Question 28

Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope

Answer 28

globalization

Question 29

A map that displays symbols that change in size according to the value of the variable

Answer 29

graduated symbol map

Question 30

A place from which an innovation originates

Answer 30

hearth

Question 31

The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places

Answer 31

hierarchical diffusion

Question 32

An approach to human geography that emphasizes the different ways that individuals form ideas about place and give those places symbolic meanings

Answer 32

humanistic geography

Question 33

A map that connects places of a particular value by lines

Answer 33

isoline map

Question 34

the position of anything on earth's surface

Answer 34

location

Question 34

The numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator (0°)

Answer 34

latitude

Question 35

The numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian (0°)

Answer 35

longitude

Question 36

A two-dimensional, or flat, representation of Earth's surface or a portion of it

Answer 36

map

Question 37

The relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth's surface

Answer 37

map scale

Question 38

A map that overlays data from one source on top of a map provided by a mapping service

Answer 38

mashup

Question 39

An arc drawn on a map between the North and South poles

Answer 39

meridian

Question 40

A chain of communication that connects places

Answer 40

network

Question 41

A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians

Answer 41

parallel

Question 42

The meridian, designated as 0° longitude, that passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England

Answer 42

prime meridian

Question 42

The science of taking measurements of Earth's surface from photographs

Answer 42

photogrammetry

Question 43

The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another

Answer 43

relocation diffusion

Question 43

Land that the Dutch have created by draining water from an area

Answer 43

polder

Question 43

Geographic approach that examines how the powerful in a society dominate, or seek to control, less powerful groups, how the dominated groups occupy space, and confrontations that result from the domination

Answer 43

postructuralist geography

Question 44

A system used to transfer locations from Earth's surface to a flat map

Answer 44

projection

Question 45

The acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or from other long-distance methods

Answer 45

remote sensing

Question 46

The location of a place relative to another place

Answer 46

situation/relative location

Question 47

The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place as a result of improved communications and transportation systems

Answer 47

space time compression

Question 48

The relationship between the distribution of one feature and the distribution of another feature

Answer 48

spatial association

Question 49

The spread of an underlying principle

Answer 49

stimulus diffusion

Question 50

The combining of elements of two groups into a new cultural feature

Answer 50

syncretism

Question 51

The name given to a portion of Earth's surface

Answer 51

toponym

Question 52

An region that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity

Answer 52

vernacular/perpetual region

Question 53

The increasing gap in economic conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy

Answer 53

uneven development