Chapter One Flashcards
(33 cards)
- Know the seven steps of the perceptual process. (pp. 5-10)
The Perceptual Process
- Environmental Stimulus - anything in the environment we observe or sense
- Transformation/ Representation
- TRANSFORMATION- stimulus CHANGES from environment to perception - Receptors/ Transduction- sensory receptors - nerve cells that respond to environmental energy
- Neural Processing - Sensory receptors send electrical signals to the brain
- Perception - conscious awareness -what we observe
- Recognition - provides meaning to what we observe
- Action - to do something with your sensory experiences
The Perceptual Process
1. Environmental Stimulus
The Perceptual Process
- Environmental Stimulus - anything in the environment we observe or sense
- i.e. Light, tree
The Perceptual Process
2. Transformation/ Representation
The Perceptual Process
- Transformation/ Representation
- TRANSFORMATION- stimulus CHANGES from environment to perception
- i.e. Light reflects tree and enters the eyes
- into the retinas (nerve cells/visual receptors) to perceive the tree in the brain
- REPRESENTATION - stimulus is formed (represented) based on receptors and the nervous system
i. e. If the lens of your eyes are bad; images are blurry
The Perceptual Process
3. Receptors/ Transduction
The Perceptual Process
3. Receptors/ Transduction- sensory receptors - nerve cells that respond to environmental energy
TRANSDUCTION - (environmental –> electrical) - change from environmental energy to electrical energy in the brain
-i.e. rod and cone receptors change light energy to electrical energy
The Perceptual Process
4. Neural Processing
The Perceptual Process
4. Neural Processing - Sensory receptors send electrical signals to the brain
- Neurons = nerve or brain cells
- transmit electrical signals from one neuron to another
- change electrical signals to perceive info in the brain
-Electrical signals arrive at primary receiving areas of the lobes – important to detect perception
The Perceptual Process
5. Perception
The Perceptual Process
- Perception - conscious awareness
- what we observe
i. e. seeing the tree
The Perceptual Process
6. Recognition
The Perceptual Process
- Recognition - provides meaning to what we observe
- i.e. knowing tree = plant
The Perceptual Process
7. Action
The Perceptual Process
- Action - to do something with your sensory experiences
- necessary for survival
- i.e. run away if you are close to a bear, not a tree trunk
Primary Receiving area
- Occipital lobe = vision
- Temporal lobe (what) = hearing, taste, smell
- Parietal (where/how) = skin senses -touch, temperature, and pain
- Frontal lobe - coordination of sensory info
- receives signals from all of the senses, perception for coordination and info received from two or more senses.
Occipital lobe
Occipital lobe = vision
Temporal lobe
Temporal lobe (what) = hearing, taste, smell
Parietal
Parietal (where/how) = skin senses -touch, temperature, and pain
Frontal lobe
Frontal lobe - coordination of sensory info
-receives signals from all of the senses, perception for coordination and info received from two or more senses.
Primary Auditory Cortex
Primary Auditory Cortex - hearing
Primary Visual Cortex
Primary Visual Cortex - Seeing
Primary Motor Cortex
Primary Motor Cortex - Movement
Primary Somatosensory
Primary Somatosensory - Touch
“Somato” = body
What is the difference between perception and recognition?
Perception - can see object
Recognition - identifying it
Dr. P (pp. 8)
Dr. P - brain tumor
VISUAL FORM OF AGNOSIA - inability to recognize object
-Can see object (perception) but cannot identify it (recognition)
i.e. glove
Knowledge: know the rat-man demonstration, bottom-up processing, top-down processing
Knowledge - Info we bring to a situation to perceive a stimulus
Rat-Man Demonstration: Our knowledge (patterns) can influence perception
Bottom-up processing: (databased) perceiving based on incoming data WITHOUT prior KNOWLEDGE
Top-down processing: (Knowledge - based) perceive based WITH prior KNOWLEDGE, experience, and expectation
Bottom-up processing:
Bottom-up processing: (databased) perceiving based on incoming data WITHOUT prior KNOWLEDGE
Top-down processing:
Top-down processing: (Knowledge - based) perceive based WITH prior KNOWLEDGE, experience, and expectation
- Understand the relationships of stimuli, physiology, and perception (see Figure 1.8, pp. 10)
Stimuli (steps 1 & 2); Physiology (steps 3 & 4); and perception, which stands for the three behavior responses (steps 5-7)
The three relationships that are usually measured to study the perceptual process are the PSYCHOPHYSICAL RELATIONSHIPS between stimuli and perception
and the PHYSIOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS between stimuli and physiology and between physiology and perception
- What are the two approaches of studying perception? (pp. 10)
Psychophysics(BEHAVIOR) - measure stimulus based on BEHAVIORAL responses (focus = person showing what he or she perceives)
Physiology (BRAIN) - measures stimulus based on BRAIN activity (focus = brain showing a person’s perception)
