Chapter One Flashcards
(24 cards)
Passive Transport
The movement of dissolved Materials across the cell membrane without using cellular energy
Endocytosis
The process by which the cell membrane takes particles into the cell by changing shape and engulfing the particles
Carbohydrate
On energy rich organic compound, such as sugar or a starch, this is made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Protein
Large organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur
Cell Theory
Oh widely excepted explanation of the relationship between cells and other living things
Organ system
A group of organs that work together to perform a major function
Cell wall
A rigid supporting layer that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms
Compound
A substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a specific ratio, or proportion
Diffusion
The process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
Active transport
The movement of materials across the cell membrane using cellular energy
Selectively Permeable
A property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass across it while others cannot
DNA
The genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring
Osmosis
The diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane
Nucleus
And cells, a large oval organelle that contains the cells genetic material in the form of DNA and controls many of the cells activities
Double Helix
The shape of a DNA molecule
Element
A pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means
Cell
Basic unit of structure and function in living things
Enzyme
A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing
Exocytosis
The process by which the vacuole surrounding particles forcing the contents out of the cell
Lipid
An energy rich organic compound, such as fat, oil, or wax, that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Nucleic acid
A very large organic molecule made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus, that contains the instructions cells need to carry out all the functions of life
Organ
A body structure that is composed of different kinds of tissues that work together
cell membrane
A thin flexible barrier that surrounds a cell and controls which substances pass into and out of the cell
Tissue
A group of similar cells that perform a specific function
