Chapter One, Exam One

Question 1

the functional system of tissues that surrounds the teeth and attaches them to the bone

Answer 1

periodontium

Question 2

Provides a tissue seal around the cervical portion of the tooth, holds tissue against the tooth during mastication, and is composed of a thin layer of epithelium and an underlying core of connective tissue.

Answer 2

Gingiva

Question 3

What are the anatomic areas of the gingiva?

Answer 3

free gingiva, gingival sulcus, interdental gingiva, and attached gingiva

Question 4

Located coronal to the CEJ and surrounds the tooth like a turtleneck. Fits snuggle around the tooth but is not attached, can be gently pulled away from the tooth with a probe, and forms soft tissue wall of the gingival sulcus

Answer 4

Free Gingiva

Question 5

What is the free gingiva that meets the tooth in a thin, rounded edge?

Answer 5

gingival margin

Question 6

Space between the free gingiva and the tooth surface. The probe is inserted here.

Answer 6

gingival sulcus

Question 7

What is the base of the sulcus formed by?

Answer 7

junctional epithelium

Question 8

What is the normal depth of the sulcus?

Answer 8

1-3 mm

Question 9

The portion of gingiva that fills the area between two adjacent teeth apical to the contact area

Answer 9

interdental gingival

Question 10

What are the two interdental papillae?

Answer 10

facial and lingial

Question 11

A valleylike depression in the interdental gingiva that lies directly apical to the contact area.

Answer 11

Col

Question 12

Located between the free gingiva and the alveolar mucosa

Answer 12

attached gingiva

Question 13

Where is the attached gingiva widest at?

Answer 13

incisor and molar regions

Question 14

Where is the attached gingiva narrowest at?

Answer 14

premolar regions

Question 15

Lingual gingiva is continuous with what?

Answer 15

the palatal mucosa

Question 16

Why is the attached gingiva not measured on the palate?

Answer 16

because it is difficult to distinguish it from the palatal mucosa

Question 17

What color is the attached gingiva?

Answer 17

pink/coral. It may also be pigmented.

Question 18

The color of pigmentation ranges from what?

Answer 18

light brown to black

Question 19

What is stippling of the attached gingiva caused by?

Answer 19

Connective tissue fibers that attach the gingival tissue to the cementum and bone

Question 20

What prevents the free gingiva from being pulled away from the tooth when tension is applied to alveolar mucosa?

Answer 20

attached gingiva

Question 21

What allows gingival tissue to withstand mechanical forces created during chewing, speaking, and toothbrushing?

Answer 21

attached gingiva

Question 22

Thin layer of hard, mineralized tissue that covers the surface of the root, light yellow, overlies dentin, bonelike, and does not have its own blood or nutrient source

Answer 22

cementum

Question 23

What are the functions of the cementum?

Answer 23

1. give attachment to collagen fibers of the periodontal ligament
2. without cementum the tooth would fall out of socket
3. protects underlying dentin

Question 24

soft connective tissue that covers the root of the tooth and attaches it to the bone of the tooth socket

Answer 24

periodontal ligament

Question 25

The periodontal ligament is composed of fiber bundles that attach to what?

Answer 25

- the root cementum on one side | - the alveolar bone of the tooth socket on the other side

Question 26

What are the five (5) functions of the periodontal ligament?

Answer 26

1. suspends and maintains the tooth in the socket 2. provides pressure and pain sensory feeling to the tooth 3. provides nutrients to the cementum and bone 4. builds and maintain the cementum and alveolar bone of the tooth socket 5. remodels the alveolar bone in response to pressure

Question 27

Surrounds and supports the roots of the teeth in the jaws

Answer 27

alveolar bone

Question 28

What leads to resorption of the alveolar bone around the missing tooth?

Answer 28

extractions

Question 29

What are the layers of the alveolar bone?

Answer 29

- alveolar bone proper ( cribriform plate ) - cortical bone - cancellous bone ( spongy bone ) - periosteum

Question 30

bony socket that houses the root of the tooth

Answer 30

alveolus

Question 31

What fibers are embedded in the alveolar bone proper?

Answer 31

ends of the periodontal ligament

Question 32

What appears to have large pores where blood vessels connect structures?

Answer 32

alveolar bone proper

Question 33

Forms the hard outer wall of the jaws on the facial and the lingual aspects. Surrounds the alveolar bone proper and gives support to the socket

Answer 33

Cortical bone

Question 34

What bone does not show up on a radiograph?

Answer 34

cortical bone

Question 35

What is the most coronal portion of the cortical bone?

Answer 35

alveolar crest

Question 36

Spongy, latticelike bone filler between the cortical bone and the alveolar bone proper. Oriented around the tooth to form support for the alveolar bone proper.

Answer 36

cancellous bone

Question 37

the nerve supply to the peridontium occurs via branches of the trigeminal nerve

Answer 37

innervation

Question 38

2nd branch of the trigeminal nerve

Answer 38

maxilla

Question 39

3rd branch of the trigeminal nerve

Answer 39

mandible

Question 40

What are the functions of the nerve supply?

Answer 40

- Provides information regarding pain, touch, and pressure | - Provide information about tooth movement and position

Question 41

Vessels of the peridontium join together to create what?

Answer 41

a blood vessel system to supply blood to the soft and hard tissues of the maxilla and mandible

Question 42

What are the functions of the blood supply to the peridontium?

Answer 42

- Network of blood vessels transports oxygen and nutrients to the tissue cells of the periodontium - Vessels remove carbon dioxide and waste products from cells

Question 43

small bean-shaped structures located on either side of the head, neck, armpits, and groin

Answer 43

lymph nodes

Question 44

What do lymph nodes filter out?

Answer 44

bacteria, viruses, other unwanted substances for elimination