Chapter One, Exam One Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter One, Exam One Deck (44)
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1
Q

the functional system of tissues that surrounds the teeth and attaches them to the bone

A

periodontium

2
Q

Provides a tissue seal around the cervical portion of the tooth, holds tissue against the tooth during mastication, and is composed of a thin layer of epithelium and an underlying core of connective tissue.

A

Gingiva

3
Q

What are the anatomic areas of the gingiva?

A

free gingiva, gingival sulcus, interdental gingiva, and attached gingiva

4
Q

Located coronal to the CEJ and surrounds the tooth like a turtleneck. Fits snuggle around the tooth but is not attached, can be gently pulled away from the tooth with a probe, and forms soft tissue wall of the gingival sulcus

A

Free Gingiva

5
Q

What is the free gingiva that meets the tooth in a thin, rounded edge?

A

gingival margin

6
Q

Space between the free gingiva and the tooth surface. The probe is inserted here.

A

gingival sulcus

7
Q

What is the base of the sulcus formed by?

A

junctional epithelium

8
Q

What is the normal depth of the sulcus?

A

1-3 mm

9
Q

The portion of gingiva that fills the area between two adjacent teeth apical to the contact area

A

interdental gingival

10
Q

What are the two interdental papillae?

A

facial and lingial

11
Q

A valleylike depression in the interdental gingiva that lies directly apical to the contact area.

A

Col

12
Q

Located between the free gingiva and the alveolar mucosa

A

attached gingiva

13
Q

Where is the attached gingiva widest at?

A

incisor and molar regions

14
Q

Where is the attached gingiva narrowest at?

A

premolar regions

15
Q

Lingual gingiva is continuous with what?

A

the palatal mucosa

16
Q

Why is the attached gingiva not measured on the palate?

A

because it is difficult to distinguish it from the palatal mucosa

17
Q

What color is the attached gingiva?

A

pink/coral. It may also be pigmented.

18
Q

The color of pigmentation ranges from what?

A

light brown to black

19
Q

What is stippling of the attached gingiva caused by?

A

Connective tissue fibers that attach the gingival tissue to the cementum and bone

20
Q

What prevents the free gingiva from being pulled away from the tooth when tension is applied to alveolar mucosa?

A

attached gingiva

21
Q

What allows gingival tissue to withstand mechanical forces created during chewing, speaking, and toothbrushing?

A

attached gingiva

22
Q

Thin layer of hard, mineralized tissue that covers the surface of the root, light yellow, overlies dentin, bonelike, and does not have its own blood or nutrient source

A

cementum

23
Q

What are the functions of the cementum?

A
  1. give attachment to collagen fibers of the periodontal ligament
  2. without cementum the tooth would fall out of socket
  3. protects underlying dentin
24
Q

soft connective tissue that covers the root of the tooth and attaches it to the bone of the tooth socket

A

periodontal ligament

25
Q

The periodontal ligament is composed of fiber bundles that attach to what?

A
  • the root cementum on one side

- the alveolar bone of the tooth socket on the other side

26
Q

What are the five (5) functions of the periodontal ligament?

A
  1. suspends and maintains the tooth in the socket
  2. provides pressure and pain sensory feeling to the tooth
  3. provides nutrients to the cementum and bone
  4. builds and maintain the cementum and alveolar bone of the tooth socket
  5. remodels the alveolar bone in response to pressure
27
Q

Surrounds and supports the roots of the teeth in the jaws

A

alveolar bone

28
Q

What leads to resorption of the alveolar bone around the missing tooth?

A

extractions

29
Q

What are the layers of the alveolar bone?

A
  • alveolar bone proper ( cribriform plate )
  • cortical bone
  • cancellous bone ( spongy bone )
  • periosteum
30
Q

bony socket that houses the root of the tooth

A

alveolus

31
Q

What fibers are embedded in the alveolar bone proper?

A

ends of the periodontal ligament

32
Q

What appears to have large pores where blood vessels connect structures?

A

alveolar bone proper

33
Q

Forms the hard outer wall of the jaws on the facial and the lingual aspects. Surrounds the alveolar bone proper and gives support to the socket

A

Cortical bone

34
Q

What bone does not show up on a radiograph?

A

cortical bone

35
Q

What is the most coronal portion of the cortical bone?

A

alveolar crest

36
Q

Spongy, latticelike bone filler between the cortical bone and the alveolar bone proper. Oriented around the tooth to form support for the alveolar bone proper.

A

cancellous bone

37
Q

the nerve supply to the peridontium occurs via branches of the trigeminal nerve

A

innervation

38
Q

2nd branch of the trigeminal nerve

A

maxilla

39
Q

3rd branch of the trigeminal nerve

A

mandible

40
Q

What are the functions of the nerve supply?

A
  • Provides information regarding pain, touch, and pressure

- Provide information about tooth movement and position

41
Q

Vessels of the peridontium join together to create what?

A

a blood vessel system to supply blood to the soft and hard tissues of the maxilla and mandible

42
Q

What are the functions of the blood supply to the peridontium?

A
  • Network of blood vessels transports oxygen and nutrients to the tissue cells of the periodontium
  • Vessels remove carbon dioxide and waste products from cells
43
Q

small bean-shaped structures located on either side of the head, neck, armpits, and groin

A

lymph nodes

44
Q

What do lymph nodes filter out?

A

bacteria, viruses, other unwanted substances for elimination