Chapter one: Intro to human body

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

science of body STRUCTURES and relationships among them

Question 2

dissection

Answer 2

careful cutting apart of body structures to study their RELATIONSHIPS

Question 3

physiology

Answer 3

science of body FUNCTIONS

Question 4

what are the 6 levels of structural organization?

Answer 4

chemical
cellular
tissue
organ
system
organismal
(cotton candy treats only serve obesity)

Question 5

integumentary system

Answer 5

helps make VITAMIN D
eliminates some wastes
detects sensations
stores fat and insulates

Question 6

skeletal system

Answer 6

HOUSES cells that produce blood cells
provides surface area for muscle attachments
stores MINERALS and lipids

Question 7

muscular system

Answer 7

the MAJOR source of heat production
maintains posture
gives body movement

Question 8

nervous system

Answer 8

generates action potentials
responds to stimuli by causing muscular contractions or GLANDULAR SECRETIONS

Question 9

endocrine system

Answer 9

regulates body by releasing hormones

Question 10

cardiovascular system

Answer 10

CARRIES oxygen and nutrients through the blood to cells
CARRIES CO2 and waste through the blood away from cells
repairs damaged blood vessels

Question 11

lymphatic system and immunity

Answer 11

proliferates B cells and T cells to protect against disease
RETURNS proteins and fluid to blood
carries LIPIDS from gastrointestinal tract to blood.

Question 12

respiratory system

Answer 12

TRANSFERS oxygen from inhaled air to blood and CO2 from blood to exhaled air
produces sounds through vocal cords

Question 13

digestive system

Answer 13

physical and chemical breakdown of food
absorbs nutrients
eliminates SOLID wastes

Question 14

reproductive system

Answer 14

gonads release hormones that regulate reproduction
gametes - sperm and oocytes

Question 15

urinary system

Answer 15

produces, stores, and eliminates urine

Question 16

6 characteristics of life

Answer 16

1. cell metabolism
2. response to stimuli
3. movement
4. growth
5. differentiation
6. reproduction
   (cake requires more gym days (than) rest)

Question 17

homeostasis

Answer 17

maintains an internal constant
replenishes material in body

Question 18

purpose of metabolism

Answer 18

to produce
energy
growth
and repair

Question 19

Feedback mechanism
and feedback inputs/outputs

Answer 19

looks for molecule or variable to detect to respond with neg or pos. feedback hormones
releasing the hormone or nerve impulses is the output
Things that can affect your vitals like insulin or nerve impulses is the input

Question 20

metabolism inputs and outputs

Answer 20

inputs: food, water, oxygen
outputs: CO2, wastes (sweat, urine, fecal)

Question 21

negative feedback

Answer 21

shuts down production of hormone
the response reverses the stimulus

Question 22

positive feedback

Answer 22

initiates production of hormone
response enhances/intensifies the stimulus

Question 23

body cavity

Answer 23

the space between two membranes

Question 24

the organ is ____ inside the cavity
the cavity _______ the organ

Answer 24

not
surrounds

Question 25

proximal
distal

Answer 25

closer to the point of origin or trunk
farther away from the point of origin or the trunk

trunk = consists of chest, abdomen, and pelvis

Question 26

caudal

Answer 26

(tail)
inferior is also called caudal referring to below

Question 27

what plane is the heart in?

Answer 27

parasagittal

Question 28

oblique plane

Answer 28

passes through body or organ at any other angle than 90 degrees