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American History > Chapter Twenty-Two & Twenty-Three: The Great Depression > Flashcards

Chapter Twenty-Two & Twenty-Three: The Great Depression Flashcards

1
Q

causes of the Depression

A
  1. stock market crash
  2. buying on credit
  3. slowdown in industry and business cycle
  4. high unemployment
  5. bank failures
  6. drought
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2
Q

List and Explain the 3 R’s of the New Deal

A
  1. Relief- measures for emergency assistance
  2. Recovery- measures or acts to bring about the end to Depression
  3. Reform- measures and acts passed to save the problems that caused the Depression
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3
Q

Objectives of the New Deal

A
  1. provide programs of public works & gov’t building projects to create industry & jobs
  2. direct relief payments for Americans w/o jobs
  3. lower tariffs
  4. create higher prices for agriculture
  5. old age pensions
  6. regulate banks & stock market
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4
Q

Goals of Second New Deal

A
  1. make better housing available
  2. more help for unemployed
  3. protection for elderly & disabled
  4. labor regulations
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5
Q

Legacy of the New Deal

A
  1. created a bureaucracy & safety net
  2. created long lasting & some permanent programs
  3. many conservation projects
  4. helped minorities
  5. strengthened government authority
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6
Q

Hoover’s idea that employed people should give an unemployed persona day’s work

A

Give-A-Job

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7
Q

created a pool of money to enable troubled bank’s to continue lending money

A

National Credit Corporation

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8
Q

NY bankers lent money and couldn’t meet the nation’s needs

A

National Credit Corporation

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9
Q

set up by Congress to make loans to banks, railroads, & agricultural institutions

A

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

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10
Q

didn’t work because it was very cautious

A

Reconstruction Finance Corportation

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11
Q

Hoover was opposed but sign it any way

A

Emergency Relief & Construction Act

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12
Q

gave $1.5 billion for public works

A

Emergency Relief & Construction Act

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13
Q

gave $300 million in loans to states for relief

A

Emergency Relief & Construction Act

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14
Q

created a Federal Farm Board to buy up surplus wheat, corn, cotton

A

Agricultural Marketing Act

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15
Q

wasn’t successful because farmer’s didn’t limit production

A

Agricultural Marketing Act

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16
Q

authorize the federal examiners to survey all banks and then issue a license to those banks that were financially sound

A

Emergency Banking Act

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17
Q

required companies that sold stock and bonds to provide complete and truthful information

A

Securities Act

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18
Q

formed Securities and Exchange Commission

A

Securities Act

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19
Q

separated commercial & investment banking

A

Glass-Steagull Act

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20
Q

created Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

A

Glass-Steagull Act

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21
Q

created Agricultural Adjustment Administration

A

AAA #1

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22
Q

basic ideas was to pay farmers to not to raise certain crops or livestock

A

AAA #1

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23
Q

not all farmers benefited

A

AAA #1

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24
Q

did accomplish farmers income increase and surplus disappear

A

AAA #1

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25
declared unconstitutional
AAA #1
26
created to stimulate business & industry & reduce unemployment
NIRA
27
created NRA
NIRA
28
created codes of fair competition
NIRA
29
guaranteed workers right to form unions
NIRA
30
declared unconstitutional
NIRA
31
bought mortgages of homeowners who were behind on payments, but could still foreclose on them if they didn't make payments
Home Owner's Loan Corportation
32
helped farmers refinance farm mortgages
Farm Credit Administration
33
helped push interest rates lower
Farm Credit Administration
34
CCC, PWA, TVA, FERA, WPA, NYA
Work Relief Programs
35
offered unemployed men 18-25 the opportunity to work under national forestry service
Civilian Conservation Corps
36
lived in camps and earned $1 a day
Civilian Conservation Corps
37
lasted until 1942
Civilian Conservation Corps
38
headed by Harry Hopkins
Federal Emergency Relief Administration, Civil Works Administration, Works Progress Administration
39
gave $500 million to provide state and local agencies money to give out
Federal Emergency Relief Administration
40
gave out $5 million in first 2 hrs of opening
Federal Emergency Relief Administration
41
part of the NIRA
Public Works Administration
42
work relief construction job
Public Works Administration
43
hired construction companies but they needed to meet certain requirements
Public Works Administration
44
hired workers directly and put them on government payroll
Civil Works Administration
45
agency created by Congress to develop the Tennessee River
Tennessee Valley Authority
46
main critic was that gov't was in direct competition with private industry
Tennessee Valley Authority
47
affected seven states
Tennessee Valley Authority
48
used eminent domain
Tennessee Valley Authority
49
built highways, bridges, airports
Works Progress Administration
50
had division for women
Works Progress Administration
51
Federal Number One
Works Progress Administration
52
"junior WPA"
National Youth Administration
53
four young people 16-25
National Youth Administration
54
provided part time jobs
National Youth Administration
55
set up National Labor Relations Board
National Labor Relations Act
56
guaranteed workers right to form unions
National Labor Relations Act
57
used binding arbitration
National Labor Relations Act
58
major goal was to provide security for the elderly & unemployed
Social Security Act
59
three main goals 1. monthly retirement benefits 2. unemployment insurance 3. aid to dependents
Social Security Act
60
still in effect today
Social Security Act
61
established the US Housing Authority which gave money to subsidize loans for builders willing to buy a block of slums & build low cost housing
National Housing Act
62
provided housing for the poor
National Housing Act
63
created to give loans to tenant farmers so they could purchase farms
Farm Security Administration
64
Dept. of Agriculture would limit the amount of crops brought to market
AAA #2
65
provided parity payments and commodity loans
AAA #2
66
provided for more protection of workers
Fair Labor and Standards Act
67
abolished child labor
Fair Labor and Standards Act
68
established 40-hour work week
Fair Labor and Standards Act
69
created to bring electricity to rural areas
REA
70
political reform
Hatch Act
71
made it illegal to pressure anyone on relief roles for voting purposes
Hatch Act
72
head of the CWA
Harry Hopkins
73
painter of American Gothic
Grant Wood
74
FDR's closest adviser
Elanor Roosevelt
75
FDR's sec of state
Cordell Hull
76
ran against FDR in election of 1936
Alfred Landon
77
head of NRA
Hugh Johnson
78
ordered to deal with the Bonus Army
Gen. MacArthur
79
first woman to hold a cabinet position
Francis Perkins
80
president at the beginning of the Depression
Herbert Hoover
81
author of the New Deal
FDR
82
head of FERA
Harry Hopkins
83
head of the CIO
John L. Lewis
84
FDR's sec of agriculture
Henry Wallace
85
FDR's sec of labor
Francis Perkins
86
FDR's sec of interior
Harold Ickes
87
made the first animated films
Walt Disney
88
"Share the Wealth" idea
Huey Long
89
"Grapes of Wrath"
John Steinback
90
governor of Louisiana who was critic of the New Deal
Huey Long
91
"Radio Priest"
Father Caughlin
92
president during most of the Depression
FDR
93
Democratic candidate in the election of 1932
FDR

American History (11 decks)

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