CHAPTER VI: REGRESSIVE & DEGENERATIVE CHANGES IN THE DENTIN AND PULP

Question 1

• Also known as the “Transparent dentin”
• Regressive alteration in tooth substance
• Characterized by calcification of dentinal tubules
• Translucent appearance when examined by transmitted light.

Answer 1

DENTINAL SCLEROSIS

Question 2

are the one that makes the bulk of the tooth. It crosses or traverses from the pulpal area and the enamel area

Answer 2

Dentinal tubules

Question 3

• Seen in ground sections of teeth
• Manifested as black zone by transmitted light and white zone by reflected light.

Answer 3

DEAD TRACTS

Question 4

• Irregular morphologic pattern
• Forms as response to aging or abnormal irritation
• Decrease in size of pulp chamber and root canal

Answer 4

IRREGULAR DENTIN

Question 5

Also known as “Secondary dentin” and “adventitious dentin”

Answer 5

IRREGULAR DENTIN

Question 6

• Occurs in elderly persons
• Clinically symptomless
• Respond normally to vitality tests
• Characterized by large vacuolated spaces in pulp
• Reduced number of cellular elements (ameloblasts, odontoblasts, etc)
• Degeneration and disappearance of odontoblasts

Answer 6

RETICULAR ATROPHY OF THE PULP

Question 7

• Localized masses of calcified tissue resembling dentin because of the tubular structure.
• Common in pulp chamber

Answer 7

True Denticles

Question 8

• Lying within pulp tissue
• Not attached to dentinal walls
• They are just freely seen inside the
  pulpal area.

Answer 8

Free Denticles

Question 9

• Continuous with dentinal walls.
• Some are seen in the pulpal area

Answer 9

Attached Denticles

Question 10

• Composed of localized masses of calcified material
• Do NOT exhibit dentinal tubules
• Nodule appears to be made up of concentric layers of lamellae deposited around a central nidus
• May be free to attached
• Referred to as “interstitial denticle” if surrounded with secondary dentin (irregular dentin).

Answer 10

False Denticles

Question 11

Reshaping of the teeth outside the tooth area

Answer 11

External Resorption

Question 12

Types of External Resoprtion

Answer 12

1. Periapical Inflammation
2. Reimplantation of teeth
3. Tumor and cysts
4. Excessive mechanical or occlusal forces
5. Impaction of teeth
6. Idiopathic

Question 13

Resorption comes inside the tooth

Answer 13

Internal Resortion

Question 14

Internal Resortion otherwise known as

Answer 14

• Chronic Perforating Hyperplasia of the pulp
• Internal Granuloma
• Odontoclastoma
• Pink Tooth of Mummery

Question 15

Appears like a pink-hued area on the crown which represents hyperplastic, vascular pulp tissue filling the resorbed area and showing through the remaining overlying tooth substance.

Answer 15

Internal Resortion

Question 16

Deposition of excessive amounts of secondary cementum on root surfaces

Answer 16

Hypercementosis (Cementum Hyperplasia)

Question 17

Hypercementosis is caused by

Answer 17

• Accelerated elongation of a tooth
• Inflammation about a tooth
• Tooth repair
• Osteitis deformans or Paget’s disease of bone

Question 18

• Small foci of calcified tissue
• Lie on periodontal ligament of lateral andapical root areas
• normally seen on the cementum area

Answer 18

Cementicles

Question 19

Cementicles etiology

Answer 19

• Calcification of epithelial rest cells, further enlarges due to deposition of calcium salts in adjacent connective tissues
• Focal calcification of connective tissue between Sharpey’s bundles with no central nidus
• Calcification of thrombosed capillaries in the periodontal ligament