Chapter12 Flashcards Preview

Transportation Engineering > Chapter12 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter12 Deck (44)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Route Planning

A

dynamic process that involvesconstant reexamination of the details of route location, stop location, androute schedules.

2
Q

· Publicpressure· Constructionof new traffic generators· Changesto transportation systemChanges in publicpolicies

A

Changes to bus service may also occur at irregular intervals due to

3
Q

Route Location

A

decisions about the overall configuration of the transit network, thespacing of routes, and their detailed locations

4
Q

· Radial–concentric· Grid· Multicentered

A

CLASSIFICATIONOF TRANSIT SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

5
Q
  1. Concentrations of transitusers 2. Suitability of the streetsinvolved for bus traffic
A

Detailed route location is based on a number of considerations

6
Q

· Reviewof street plans· Investigationof traffic conditionsField studies

A

Evaluation Process

7
Q

· includehorizontal curve radii, street widths, intersection geometry, and grades.

A

Geometric Conditions

8
Q

usually involve theadequacy of pavements but may also include load limits for bridges or otherstructures

A

Structural Concerns

9
Q

include trafficcongestion, other adverse conditions, and provision of bus preference measures

A

Trafficcontrol–related issues

10
Q

Signal overrides

A

are accomplished byspecial radio or photoelectric devices that enable buses to preempt the greenat traffic signals

11
Q

Special lanes

A

are sometimesprovided by dedicating the curb lane for an extended distance

12
Q

Signal overrides \n\nSpecial lanes \n\n TransitStreets or Transit Malls

A

Bus PreferenceMeasures

13
Q
  1. Thenumber of stops actually made is not identical with the number of designatedstop locations.2. Thenumber of stops made does tend to increase as the number of stop locationsincreases.
A

Stop LocationPrinciples

14
Q

Stop Spacing.

A

It is based on tradeoffbetween walking distances for passengers and the increase in bus travel timethat occurs each time the bus is stopped.

15
Q

Clearance time.

A

It is the time spend in deceleratingand accelerating the vehicle and in opening and closing the doors.

16
Q

Dwell time.

A

It is the time spend loadingand unloading passengers.

17
Q
  1. Decisionsmust be made as to the relationship of the stop to intersections in thevicinity 2. Provisionof access to user concentrations 3. Safety 4. Conveniencefor transferring passengers
A

Considerationsin determining stop locations

18
Q

a. Bus berths.

A

These are designated areasfor buses to pull over and load and unload passengers in major transitfacilities such as a transit center or park–and–ride facility.

19
Q
  1. Sizeof a single berth 2. Numberof berths required
A

Issues involvedin designing a bus stop

20
Q

Route Schedules.

A

Also knows as timetables, give the timethat successive buses pass points. They are most commonly constructed by maintainingapproximately uniform headways among successive vehicles during periods of time.

21
Q

schedule blocks

A

periodsof time

22
Q

time points

A

points

23
Q

Headways.

A

They are influenced by the demand for service,with the shortest headway being maintained during busiest periods

24
Q

CapacityHeadways. \n\nPolicyHeadways \n\nTotalCost Minimum Headways

A

Classification ofheadways

25
Q

CapacityHeadways.

A

Headways such that the vehicles are just filledat the maximum load point on the route

26
Q

Policy Headways.

A

Headways that are intended to representthe minimum acceptable standard for frequency of service.

27
Q

Total Cost Minimum Headways.

A

Headways that minimize the sum of theoperating costs and the value of time spent by passengers waiting for service

28
Q

Blocking

A

Process of determiningvehicle schedules.

29
Q

Runcutting

A

The process of determininglabor schedules

30
Q

Deadheading

A

Movement ofvehicles that are not in revenue service

31
Q

Piece of Work

A

Consist of a combination of route andtime period to which a driver can be assigned

32
Q

Straight Shift \n\nSplit Shift

A

Types of shifts

33
Q

Trippers

A

Extra board drivers having irregulartrips that are not included in the schedule

34
Q

Shakeup

A

Reconstruction of runs

35
Q

Runs

A

Combined pieces of work

36
Q

Guarantee

A

Payment with total work hours of lessthan 8 hours

37
Q

Spread

A

Total time from the beginning to end of workday

38
Q

· Emergencies· Routinemistakes· Coordinationof transfersSchedule instability

A

Major needs for real–time control:

39
Q

· Ensuringthat vehicles are dispatched at the beginning of the day· Assigningextra board drivers to runs whose regular drivers fail to report· Dispatchingtrippers· Orderingschedule deviations

A

Responsibilitiesof Dispatchers

40
Q

· Makingsure that drivers do not run ahead of schedule· Dealingwith equipment failures and other emergencies on the field

A

Responsibilities of Field Inspectors

41
Q

· Automatictrain detection· Automaticspeed control· Automaticdispatching· Automaticberthing and door control at stations

A

Train controls by means of automatic system

42
Q

· Transfercoordination· Preventionof vehicle bunching

A

Major issues in the real–time control of bus systems

43
Q

· Totalridership for the route· Averagedemand past the maximum point· Overloading· Revenuecollected on the route· Estimatedcost of operating the route· Farebox recovery ratio· On–timeperformance· Publicinput

A

Common Performance Indicators includes:

44
Q

· Rerouting· Rescheduling· SpecialMarketing Efforts· ModifiedDispatching PoliciesElimination ofService

A

Where deficiencies are noted, corrective action will be done like