Chapter12

Question 1

Route Planning

Answer 1

dynamic process that involvesconstant reexamination of the details of route location, stop location, androute schedules.

Question 2

· Publicpressure· Constructionof new traffic generators· Changesto transportation systemChanges in publicpolicies

Answer 2

Changes to bus service may also occur at irregular intervals due to

Question 3

Route Location

Answer 3

decisions about the overall configuration of the transit network, thespacing of routes, and their detailed locations

Question 4

· Radial–concentric· Grid· Multicentered

Answer 4

CLASSIFICATIONOF TRANSIT SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

Question 5

1. Concentrations of transitusers 2. Suitability of the streetsinvolved for bus traffic

Answer 5

Detailed route location is based on a number of considerations

Question 6

· Reviewof street plans· Investigationof traffic conditionsField studies

Answer 6

Evaluation Process

Question 7

· includehorizontal curve radii, street widths, intersection geometry, and grades.

Answer 7

Geometric Conditions

Question 8

usually involve theadequacy of pavements but may also include load limits for bridges or otherstructures

Answer 8

Structural Concerns

Question 9

include trafficcongestion, other adverse conditions, and provision of bus preference measures

Answer 9

Trafficcontrol–related issues

Question 10

Signal overrides

Answer 10

are accomplished byspecial radio or photoelectric devices that enable buses to preempt the greenat traffic signals

Question 11

Special lanes

Answer 11

are sometimesprovided by dedicating the curb lane for an extended distance

Question 12

Signal overrides \n\nSpecial lanes \n\n TransitStreets or Transit Malls

Answer 12

Bus PreferenceMeasures

Question 13

1. Thenumber of stops actually made is not identical with the number of designatedstop locations.2. Thenumber of stops made does tend to increase as the number of stop locationsincreases.

Answer 13

Stop LocationPrinciples

Question 14

Stop Spacing.

Answer 14

It is based on tradeoffbetween walking distances for passengers and the increase in bus travel timethat occurs each time the bus is stopped.

Question 15

Clearance time.

Answer 15

It is the time spend in deceleratingand accelerating the vehicle and in opening and closing the doors.

Question 16

Dwell time.

Answer 16

It is the time spend loadingand unloading passengers.

Question 17

1. Decisionsmust be made as to the relationship of the stop to intersections in thevicinity 2. Provisionof access to user concentrations 3. Safety 4. Conveniencefor transferring passengers

Answer 17

Considerationsin determining stop locations

Question 18

a. Bus berths.

Answer 18

These are designated areasfor buses to pull over and load and unload passengers in major transitfacilities such as a transit center or park–and–ride facility.

Question 19

1. Sizeof a single berth 2. Numberof berths required

Answer 19

Issues involvedin designing a bus stop

Question 20

Route Schedules.

Answer 20

Also knows as timetables, give the timethat successive buses pass points. They are most commonly constructed by maintainingapproximately uniform headways among successive vehicles during periods of time.

Question 21

schedule blocks

Answer 21

periodsof time

Question 22

time points

Answer 22

points

Question 23

Headways.

Answer 23

They are influenced by the demand for service,with the shortest headway being maintained during busiest periods

Question 24

CapacityHeadways. \n\nPolicyHeadways \n\nTotalCost Minimum Headways

Answer 24

Classification ofheadways

Question 25

CapacityHeadways.

Answer 25

Headways such that the vehicles are just filledat the maximum load point on the route

Question 26

Policy Headways.

Answer 26

Headways that are intended to representthe minimum acceptable standard for frequency of service.

Question 27

Total Cost Minimum Headways.

Answer 27

Headways that minimize the sum of theoperating costs and the value of time spent by passengers waiting for service

Question 28

Blocking

Answer 28

Process of determiningvehicle schedules.

Question 29

Runcutting

Answer 29

The process of determininglabor schedules

Question 30

Deadheading

Answer 30

Movement ofvehicles that are not in revenue service

Question 31

Piece of Work

Answer 31

Consist of a combination of route andtime period to which a driver can be assigned

Question 32

Straight Shift \n\nSplit Shift

Answer 32

Types of shifts

Question 33

Trippers

Answer 33

Extra board drivers having irregulartrips that are not included in the schedule

Question 34

Shakeup

Answer 34

Reconstruction of runs

Question 35

Runs

Answer 35

Combined pieces of work

Question 36

Guarantee

Answer 36

Payment with total work hours of lessthan 8 hours

Question 37

Spread

Answer 37

Total time from the beginning to end of workday

Question 38

· Emergencies· Routinemistakes· Coordinationof transfersSchedule instability

Answer 38

Major needs for real–time control:

Question 39

· Ensuringthat vehicles are dispatched at the beginning of the day· Assigningextra board drivers to runs whose regular drivers fail to report· Dispatchingtrippers· Orderingschedule deviations

Answer 39

Responsibilitiesof Dispatchers

Question 40

· Makingsure that drivers do not run ahead of schedule· Dealingwith equipment failures and other emergencies on the field

Answer 40

Responsibilities of Field Inspectors

Question 41

· Automatictrain detection· Automaticspeed control· Automaticdispatching· Automaticberthing and door control at stations

Answer 41

Train controls by means of automatic system

Question 42

· Transfercoordination· Preventionof vehicle bunching

Answer 42

Major issues in the real–time control of bus systems

Question 43

· Totalridership for the route· Averagedemand past the maximum point· Overloading· Revenuecollected on the route· Estimatedcost of operating the route· Farebox recovery ratio· On–timeperformance· Publicinput

Answer 43

Common Performance Indicators includes:

Question 44

· Rerouting· Rescheduling· SpecialMarketing Efforts· ModifiedDispatching PoliciesElimination ofService

Answer 44

Where deficiencies are noted, corrective action will be done like