Chapter2 Flashcards
(42 cards)
Which of the following statements regarding bacterial spore formation is not correct?
1-The thickest layer of the spore envelope is the “exosporium”
2-The “coat” layer makes the spore resistant against antibacterial agents.
3-In favorable nutritional conditions, spores can be activated to form vegetative cells. 4-Spores cannot be stained with Gram stain.
5-The core region found in the spore contains chromosomes.
1(cortex)
Which of the following statements regarding peptidoglycan layer is INCORRECT?
a. N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) are linked together by transglycosylation reaction.
b. The first amino acid of the tetrapeptide chains is D-glutamate.
c. In Gram-negative bacteria, two tetrapeptides are directly linked to each other.
d. If the peptidoglycan layer is degraded by EDTA-lysozyme. Gram-negative bacteria form spheroplasts in isotonic media.
e. Tetrapeptide chains attach to N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM).
b
Which of the following substances can freely diffuse through a biological membrane?
a. ATP
b. glucose
c. insulin
d. testosterone
e. Na+
e
Which one of the following is not correct about function of cell membrane?
1• Selective permeability and transport of solutes
2• Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation
3• Excretion of hydrolytic exoenzymes
4• Functioning in cell wall synthesis only
5• Bearing the receptors of the chemotactic and other sensory transduction systems
4
…………Folded invaginations in the cytoplasmic membrane and Bind and pull apart daughter chromosomes during cell division.
a-core
b- lysosomes
c- capsule
d- mesosome
d
Which one is not one of the type of transport substance in cell membrane?
a.Passive transport
b.Active transport
c.non of this choice
d.Group translocation
e.Special transport process
c
Which one of passive transport it’s that?
“It’s rare in prokaryotes selective channels passage of specific molecules( glycerol)”
1-Simple diffusion
2-Faciliated diffusion
3-Channel proteins
4-Antiport
5-Uniport
3
Active transport:
Ion-coupled transport:
“single transport of a solute”
Uniport
Antiport
Symport
Uniport
Active transport:
Ion-coupled transport:
“transport of two similar solutes in opposite directions”
Uniport
Antiport
Symport
Antiport
Active transport:
Ion-coupled transport:
“cotransport of a solute and H+ in same
direction”
Uniport
Antiport
Symport
Symport
The function of Siderophores molecul is………
1-transport H2O into the cell
2-transport Fe into the cell
3-transport O into the cell
4-transport Fe out the cell
2
This component in ………… gram bacteria.
Peptidoglycan
Teichoic acid
Lipoteichoic acid
Positive
This component in ………… gram bacteria.
Peptidoglycan
Periplasmic space
Outer membrane
Proteins
Lipopolysaccharide
Negative
Which enzyme degrade the peptidoglycan?
Transglycosylase
Lysozyme
transpeptidase
carboxypeptidase
Lysozyme
If l use lysozyme in gram positive bacteria give me:
Protoplasts
Spheroplasts
Protoplasts
If l use EDTA-lysozyme in gram negative bacteria give me:
Protoplasts
Spheroplasts
Spheroplasts
Which reaction and enzyme in following reaction?
“NAM-NAG are linked together (b-1,4 glycosidic bond)”
1-Transglycosylation-Transglycosylase
2-Transpeptidation-Transpeptidase
1
Which reaction and enzyme in following reaction?
“Peptide chains attach to N-acetylmuramic acid”
1-Transglycosylation-Transglycosylase
2-Transpeptidation-Transpeptidase
2
The order of Pentapeptide:
1.D-Alanine (D-Ala)
2•L-Alanine (L-Ala)
3•D-Glutamate (D-Glu)
4•L-Lysine (L-Lys) / Diaminopimelic acid (DAP)
5•D-Alanine (D-Ala)
2-3-4-1-5
2-3-4-5-1
In mature peptidoglycan, peptide chains are tetrapeptides, we was tow enzyme ……………to remove The terminal D-Alanine (D-Ala) from pentapeptide:
1-transpeptidase
2-Transglycosylase
3-Lysozyme
4-carboxypeptidase
1-4
Transpeptidation in Gram…………bacteria:
Diaminopimelic acid
of one tetrapeptide and terminal D- alanine of second tetrapeptide are directly linked
Negative
Transpeptidation in Most Gram………bacteria:
L-lysine of one tetrapeptide and D- alanine of second tetrapeptide are linked a directly by pentaglycine (Gly5) cross-bridge
Positive
The outer membrane of cell wall contains:
Protein
Pili
Lipid
Lipopolysaccharide
Lipopolysaccharide
It’s connects peptidoglycan with outer membrane:
lipopolysaccharide
Lipoprotein
porins
Lipoprotein
