chapter5

Question 1

the franks

Answer 1

are historically first known as a group of Germanic tribes that roamed the land between the Lower and Middle Rhine in the 3rd century AD, and second as the people of Gaul who merged with the Gallo-Roman populations during succeeding centuries, passing on their name to modern-day France and becoming part of the ancestors of the modern day French people.

Question 2

pope

Answer 2

The Pope is the Bishop of Rome and the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church. The primacy of the Roman bishop is largely derived from his role as the traditional successor to Saint Peter, to whom Jesus gave the keys of Heaven and the powers of “binding and loosing”, naming him as the “rock” upon which the church would be built.

Question 3

monk

Answer 3

In the Greek language the term can apply to women, but in modern English it is mainly in use for men. The word nun is typically used for female monastics.

Question 4

missionary

Answer 4

a person sent by a church into an area to carry on evangelism or other activities, as educational or hospital work.

Question 5

nun

Answer 5

a woman member of a religious order, especially one bound by vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience.

Question 6

monastery

Answer 6

a house or place of residence occupied by a community of persons, especially monks, living in seclusion under religious vows.

Question 7

convent

Answer 7

a community of persons devoted to religious life under a superior.

Question 8

clovis

Answer 8

of or relating to a Paleo-Indian cultural tradition of North America, especially the American Southwest, dated 10,000–9000 b.c. and characterized by a usually bifacial, fluted stone projectile point (Clovis point) used in big-game hunting.

Question 9

charlemagne

Answer 9

(“Charles the Great”) a.d. 742–814, king of the Franks 768–814; as Charles I, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire 800–814.

Question 10

carolingian Dynasty

Answer 10

the carolingian dynasty known variously as the carlovingians, carolingus caroling or karlings was a frankish noble family with origins in the arnulfing and pippinid clans of the 7th century AD.

Question 11

middle ages

Answer 11

the period of human life between youth and old age, sometimes considered as the years between 45 and 65 or thereabout.

Question 12

vikings

Answer 12

any of the Scandinavian pirates who plundered the coasts of Europe from the 8th to 10th centuries.

Question 13

mongols

Answer 13

a member of a pastoral people now living chiefly in Mongolia.

Question 14

Genghis khan

Answer 14

1162–1227, Mongol conqueror of most of Asia and of E Europe to the Dnieper River.

Question 15

khanate

Answer 15

the area governed by a khan.

Question 16

the Golden Horde

Answer 16

Zolotaya Orda; Tatar: Алтын Урда Altın Urda) was a Mongol and later Turkicized khanate established in the 13th century and originated as the northwestern sector of the Mongol Empire. The khanate is also known as the Kipchak Khanate or as the Ulus of Jochi.

Question 17

feudalism

Answer 17

the feudal system, or its principles and practices.

Question 18

vassal

Answer 18

(in the feudal system) a person granted the use of land, in return for rendering homage, fealty, and usually military service or its equivalent to a lord or other superior; feudal tenant.

Question 19

knight

Answer 19

(in Europe in the Middle Ages) a man, usually of noble birth, who after an apprenticeship as page and squire was raised to honorable military rank and bound to chivalrous conduct.

Question 20

fief

Answer 20

a fee or feud held of a feudal lord; a tenure of land subject to feudal obligations.

Question 21

chivalry

Answer 21

the sum of the ideal qualifications of a knight, including courtesy, generosity, valor, and dexterity in arms.

Question 22

manor

Answer 22

(in England) a landed estate or territorial unit, originally of the nature of a feudal lordship, consisting of a lord’s demesne and of lands within which he has the right to exercise certain privileges, exact certain fees, etc.

Question 23

serf

Answer 23

a person in a condition of servitude, required to render services to a lord, commonly attached to the lord’s land and transferred with it from one owner to another.