Chapters 1 & 2

Question 1

Scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Answer 1

Psychology

Question 2

the process of objectively examining and measuring one’s own thoughts and mental activities

Answer 2

Objective Introspection

Question 3

Unconscious mind is where we repress all threatening urges/desires; focus on children and how experiences mold adults

Answer 3

Psychoanalysis

Question 4

Focus on operant conditioning, does not concern about process inner workings of the mind

Answer 4

Behavioralism

Question 5

People have free will, looks at how we understand ourselves and how we can improve

Answer 5

Humanistic

Question 6

“Be the best you can be”

Answer 6

Humanistic

Question 7

Focus on memory, intelligence, perception, problem solving, and learning. Heavy aspect on process

Answer 7

Cognitive

Question 8

Focus on relationships around us, social behavior, and culture

Answer 8

Sociocultural

Question 9

Looks at how being in certain groups present different behaviors

Answer 9

Sociocultural

Question 10

Attributes all human/animal behavior to biological events occurring in the body

Answer 10

Bio-psychological

Question 11

Looks at how genetics, hormones, and chemical balances affect psychology

Answer 11

Bio-psychological

Question 12

“Survival of the fittest”

Answer 12

Evolutionary

Question 13

Focuses on biological basis of universal mental characteristics that all humans share

Answer 13

Evolutionary

Question 14

No MD, Doctorate, researcher, counselor or teacher

Answer 14

Psychologist

Question 15

MD, focuses on diagnosis and treatment

Answer 15

Psychiatrist

Question 16

Social worker trained in psychology

Answer 16

Psychiatric Social Worker

Question 17

Watching animals in natural environment

Answer 17

Naturalistic Observation

Question 18

Subjects behave differently while being watched

Answer 18

Observer Effect

Question 19

Observer joins the environment

Answer 19

Participant Observation

Question 20

Watching animals in lab setting

Answer 20

Laboratory Observation

Question 21

Researches ask subjects about topic under study, gets massive amount of data in little time, but can have inaccuracy

Answer 21

Survey

Question 22

study of one individual in great time over time

Answer 22

Case Study

Question 23

What is changed in an experiment

Answer 23

Independent variable

Question 24

Outcome of change in experiment

Answer 24

Dependent Variable

Question 25

What stays the same

Answer 25

Control Variable

Question 26

group subjected to the independent variable

Answer 26

Experimental group

Question 27

Group not subjected to independent variable

Answer 27

Control Group

Question 28

The belief of change rather than actual change

Answer 28

Placebo Effect

Question 29

Participants are unaware to treatment they receive

Answer 29

Single Blind Study

Question 30

Participants and observers are unaware to treatments received

Answer 30

Double Blind Study

Question 31

Cell body of neuron

Answer 31

Soma

Question 32

Receives messages from the other cells

Answer 32

Dendrites

Question 33

Passes messages away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands

Answer 33

Axon

Question 34

Fatty substance that covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed up neural impulses and protect the axon

Answer 34

Myelin Sheath

Question 35

Structure that forms junction with other cells

Answer 35

Terminal Buttons

Question 36

Electrical signal that travels down the axon

Answer 36

Action Potential

Question 37

Ion charge within the neuron

Answer 37

Negative

Question 38

Ion charge outside the neuron

Answer 38

Positive

Question 39

State when the neuron is not firing

Answer 39

Resting potential

Question 40

Release of a neural impulse consisting of the reversal of electricity within the atom

Answer 40

Action Potential

Question 41

insertion of a thin, insulated wire into the brain through which an electrical current is sent that destroys the brain cells at the tip of the wire

Answer 41

Deep Lesioning

Question 42

Milder electrical stimulation and causes neurons to react as if they received a message

Answer 42

Electrical Stimulation of the Brain (ESB)

Question 43

magnetic pulses are applied to the cortex using specialized copper wire coils that are positioned over the head

Answer 43

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

Question 44

combines several X-Rays to form 2D “Slice” images or 3D images of a body part, usually used with contrast dye

Answer 44

Computed Tomography (CT)

Question 45

Machine uses magnets, radio waves, and computers to create images of internal organs

Answer 45

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Question 46

machine uses a scanning device to detect photons emitted by a radionuclide in the organ or tissue being examined

Answer 46

Position Emission Tomography (PET):

Question 47

nuclear imaging scan that integrates computed tomography (CT) and a radioactive tracer (i.e. HIDA scan)

Answer 47

Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)

Question 48

measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow

Answer 48

Functional MRI (fMRI)

Question 49

Function: personality, emotional response, social behavior

Answer 49

Frontal Lobe

Question 50

Function: calculation, language, planned movement, appreciation of size, shape, weight, and texture

Answer 50

Parietal Lobe

Question 51

Function: Vision

Answer 51

Occipital Lobe

Question 52

Function: Auditory perception, speech, language, verbal memory, smell; auditory perception, non-verbal memory

Answer 52

Temperal Lobe

Question 53

Responsible for production of speech

Answer 53

Broca's Area

Question 54

Responsible for language comprehension

Answer 54

Wernicke's Area

Question 55

Function: Control of consciousness, breathing, heart rate

Answer 55

Brainstem

Question 56

Responsible for posture, balance, and coordination of movement

Answer 56

Cerebellum

Question 57

Relays information from sensory organs to the cerebral cortex

Answer 57

Thalamus

Question 58

Primary cortical component of the limbic system, involved in emotional and cognitive processing

Answer 58

Cingulate Cortex

Question 59

Plays a role in learning, memory, and ability to compare sensory information to expectations

Answer 59

Hippocampus

Question 60

Influences motivation, emotional control, fear response, and interpretations of nonverbal emotional expressions

Answer 60

Amygdala

Question 61

Regulates thirst, fear, sexual drive, and agression

Answer 61

Hypothalamus