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Nursing Skills and Concepts > Chapters 1&3 > Flashcards

Chapters 1&3 Flashcards

1
Q

Who worked in hospitals during the reign of King Henry VIII?

A

Criminals, widows, and orphans

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2
Q

What were hospitals called besides poorhouses?

A

Pesthouses

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3
Q

What were the rules of employment in 1789 for England hospitals?

A
  1. no dirt, rags, or bones can be thrown out window
  2. change linen every 2 weeks
  3. Change shirt every 4 days
    Change undergarments and socks every week
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4
Q

When was the Crimean war?

A

1854

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5
Q

Why did Florence Nightingale become a nurse?

A

She thought she was called by GOD to be a nurse.

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6
Q

How did Nightingale and her volunteers help during the Crimean war?

A

Her group improved sanitary conditions and decreased the death rate to 1%

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7
Q

What were Dorothea Dix’s criteria to be a volunteer in the American Civil War?

A
  1. 35-50 years old
  2. matronly and plain looking
  3. educated
  4. neat, orderly, sober, and with a serious disposition.
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8
Q

What is ANA’s definition for nursing?

A

Nursing is the diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual or potential health problems.

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9
Q

Who created the Environmental theory and what is it?

A

Florence Nightingale: nurses modify environment to put patient in best condition for nature to act. Improve sanitation!

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10
Q

Who created the Basic Needs Theory and what is it?

A

Virginia Henderson: nurses assist performing activities patient would perform themselves if he/she had the strength. (ADL’s)

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11
Q

Who created the Self Care Theory and what is it?

A

Dorothea Orem: nurses assist with self care to improve or maintain health.

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12
Q

Who created the Adaptation Theory and what is it?

A

Sister Callista Roy: nurses assess biologic, psychologic, and social factors that interfere with health, alter those factors/ stimuli thought to cause maladaptation, and evaluate effectiveness of that action.

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13
Q

How did the profession of practical nursing come about?

A

During WWII the practice of practical nursing began due to RN’s enlisting in the military.

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14
Q

What are the roles of a Practical Nurse?

A
  1. admissions, transfers, and discharges
  2. ADL’s
  3. I/O, weights
  4. collecting specimens
  5. procedures: catheters, and dressing changes
  6. administer meds
  7. patient education
  8. safety
  9. practice under the supervision of a RN, physician, or dentist
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15
Q

What are the characteristics of a “good” nurse?

A
  1. clean and neatly groomed
  2. hair away from face
  3. no nail polish, no fake nails
  4. no jewelry
  5. no excessive makeup
  6. Be healthy
  7. have a positive attitude
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16
Q

Assessment

A

collecting data, interviewing, observing, and examining(the family, patient, med records, or other healthcare workers)

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17
Q

Caring

A

restoring or maintaining health, ADL’s, providing for physical needs

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18
Q

Counseling

A

communication skills; active listening- hearing spoken and unspoken message.

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19
Q

Empathy

A

perceive patients emotions and needs “compassionately detached”

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20
Q

Sympathy

A

experiencing patients needs and emotions

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21
Q

Comforting

A

provide stability and security during a crisis

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22
Q

Managed Care

A

cost containment

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23
Q

Clincial Pathways

A

standardized plan of care.

24
Q

Constitutional Law

A

rights obtained by every US citizen.

25
Q

Statutory Law

A

laws enacted by federal, state, or local legislatures.

26
Q

What is the Nurse Practice Act (NPA)

A

defines the nurse’s role and establishes limits, identifies titles and differentiates it from other healthcare providers. Each state has its own.

27
Q

Administrative Law

A

Federal, state, local government maintains self regulation

28
Q

Common Law

A

decisions on prior cases of similar nature used when no specific constitutional, statutory, or administrative law applies

29
Q

Criminal Law

A

protect safety of public

30
Q

Misdemeanor

A

minor offense

31
Q

Felony

A

serious offense

32
Q

Civil Law

A

protects personal freedoms and individuals rights

33
Q

Plaintiff

A

claims injury

34
Q

Defendant

A

person charged

35
Q

Assault

A

threat or attempt to do bodily harm, threatening to use restraints unnecessarily

36
Q

Battery

A

unauthorized physical contact, even if no harm occurs

37
Q

False Imprisonment

A

interference for individuals to move about freely.

38
Q

Invasion of Privacy

A

failure to leave people and their property alone.

39
Q

Defamation

A

untrue info that harms a persons reputation

40
Q

Slander

A

oral

41
Q

Libel

A

written

42
Q

Negligence

A

harm results because individual did not act reasonably, implies that a person acted carelessly.

43
Q

Malpractice

A

professional negligence, holds professional to a higher standard of accountability.

44
Q

Professional Liability

A

responsible for providing safe, appropriate care

45
Q

Liability Insurance

A

contract for legal and financial assistance if involved in malpractice lawsuits.

46
Q

Incident Reports

A

written account of any unusual event. used to prevent future events and serve as documentation if lawsuit is brought.

47
Q

Anecdotal Records

A

personal, handwritten account kept by the nurse

48
Q

Statute of limitations

A

time frame within which a person can file a lawsuit

49
Q

Good Samaritan Law

A

legal immunity for those who provide first aid in an emergency situation

50
Q

Ethical theories

A

Teleology: ethical theory based on final outcomes. what is best for the majority?
Deontology: decision based on the morality of the act itself. certain actions are always right or wrong regardless of the circumstances.

51
Q

Truth telling

A

all patients have the right to complete and accurate info

52
Q

Confidentiality

A

protecting patients personal health info from disclosure

53
Q

AMA

A

Against medical Advice

54
Q

Advanced Directives

A

living will, DNR, durable power of attorney

55
Q

Allocation of resources

A

determines how to distribute multiple limited amount fo saving treatment/meds between multiple individuals

56
Q

Whistle Blowing

A

reporting unethical or incompetent acts

57
Q

Required reporting

A

criminal behavior, abuse, suspected chemical abuse by coworkers, sexual harassment

Nursing Skills and Concepts (1 decks)

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