Chapters 1-3 Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is the Columbian Exchange?
A trade of plants, animals, diseases, people, ideas, etc. between the old world and new world.
What is the Encomienda System?
Spaniards granted Indians for labor in exchange for converting them to Christianity.
What is mercantilism?
The colonies traded raw materials to England and received the finished products (better for the mother country)
What were the Navigation Laws?
Only trade in English or Colonial ships, trade had to pass through English ports, certain goods could only be traded with England (tobacco).
What is salutary neglect?
England paid little attention to the colonies and did not enforce laws which benefitted them greatly.
What is the Act of Toleration?
Calvert persuaded the representative assembly in Maryland to create an act of religious tolerance, but for Christianity only.
How did Jamestown, Virginia begin?
A joint stock company
What is Bacon’s Rebellion?
Frustrated with lack of land and protection by the governor, Nathaniel Bacon led a group that burned Jamestown.
How was Maryland formed?
As a catholic refuge by Lord Baltimore
How were the Carolinas formed?
Food providers for the sugar plantations in the Barbados. SC in particular becomes a slave based aristocratic plantation society
How was Georgia formed?
As a buffer between the Spanish colonies and the Carolinas as well as a penal colony for debtors
How was New York formed?
Begins when the English Military forces the Dutch out
How was Pennsylvania formed?
Founded by William Penn as a refuge for Quakers
What was Pennsylvania’s government like?
Very liberal representative, treated Natives well, opposed slavery, granted women rights
What is the Dominion of New England?
Set up to unify the New England colonies
What is the New England Confederation?
A military alliance formed by Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Connecticut, and New Haven in response to the constant threat of attack from the Native Americans, Dutch, and the French.
What is King Philip’s War?
A chief of the Wampanoags named Metacom, known as King Philip united many tribes in southern New England against the english settlers, the colonial forces winning.
Who are the Quakers?
Believed in the equality of all men and women, nonviolence, and resistance to military service. They also believed that religious authority was found within themselves and not from any outside source.
Separatist Pilgrims
a group of Puritans that believed the Church of England was unholy and separated from it completely
Puritans
unhappy with the Church of England and believed it needed to be reformed and fully de- catholicized
John Winthrop
Massachusetts Bay Colony’s first governor, once an attorney in England, believed that being governor was god’s calling
Anne Hutchinson
went against Puritan orthodoxy and believed that a holy life was no sign of salvation (antinomianism) was banished from the Bay Colony and set off for Rhode Island and founded Portsmouth
Roger Williams
Extreme separatist who wanted a clean break with the church of england, thought government did not have the authority to regulate religion. eventually banished by Puritans and went to Rhode Island to build the first baptist church
Sir Edmund Andros
at the head of the dominion of new england who had open affiliation with the church of england, faded without consent and enforced unpopular navigation laws
